Filesystem services

fsp-ldr

Cmd	Name	Arguments	Notes
0	MountCode	u64 TID + X descriptor #ContentPath	Returns an #IFileSystem.
1	IsCodeMounted	u64 PID	Returns a bool (1 if code is mounted).

fsp-pr

Cmd	Name	Notes
0	#SetFsPermissions
1	#ClearFsPermissions
256	#SetEnabledProgramVerification

SetFsPermissions

Takes a storageID, a pid, a titleID, a 0x1C type-A buffer for the FS Access Header, and a 0x2C type-A buffer for the FS Access Control

Final FS permissions are stored as (ACI0_perms & ACID_perms). Will panic(svcBreak) when buffer sizes from ipc-rawdata are invalid.

ClearFsPermissions

Takes a pid. Removes registered FS permissions for that PID.

SetEnabledProgramVerification

Seems to sets a global flag to inputval & 1.

When the flag is zero, it will set ret=0 instead of ret={error} when verifying a RSA signature fails. This RSA signature seems to be the signature in the NPDM ACID. It then skips verifying what seems to be the second signature in the NCA header. Note that if verifying the NPDM(?) signature is successful, and verifying that second signature fails, it will throw an error and abort.

fsp-srv

Cmd	Name
0	[1.0.0] #MountContent
1	#Initialize
2	OpenDataFileSystemByCurrentProcess
7	[2.0.0+] #MountContent7
8	[2.0.0+] #MountContent
9	[3.0.0+] OpenDataFileSystemByApplicationId
11	#MountBis
12	#OpenBisPartition
13	InvalidateBisCache
17	OpenHostFileSystemImpl
18	MountSdCard
19	[2.0.0+] FormatSdCard
21	#DeleteSaveData
22	#CreateSaveData
23	#CreateSystemSaveData
24	RegisterSaveDataAtomicDeletion
25	[2.0.0+] DeleteSaveDataWithSpaceId
26	[2.0.0+] FormatSdCardDryRun
27	[2.0.0+] IsExFatSupported
30	#OpenGameCardPartition
31	#MountGameCardPartition
32	[3.0.0+] ExtendSaveData
51	#MountSaveData
52	#MountSystemSaveData
53	[2.0.0+] MountSaveDataReadOnly
57	[3.0.0+] ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataWithSpaceId
58	ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData
59	[2.0.0+] WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData
60	OpenSaveDataInfoReader
61	OpenSaveDataIterator
80	OpenSaveDataThumbnailFile
100	MountImageDirectory
110	#MountContentStorage
200	OpenDataStorageByCurrentProcess
201	[3.0.0+] OpenDataStorageByApplicationId
202	#OpenDataStorageByDataId
203	Returns an #IStorage
400	#OpenDeviceOperator
500	#OpenSdCardDetectionEventNotifier
501	#OpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier
600	SetCurrentPosixTime
601	QuerySaveDataTotalSize
602	#VerifySaveData
603	CorruptSaveDataForDebug
604	CreatePaddingFile
605	DeleteAllPaddingFiles
606	[2.0.0+] GetRightsId
607	[2.0.0+] RegisterExternalKey
608	[2.0.0+] UnregisterExternalKey
609	[2.0.0+] GetRightsIdByPath
610	[3.0.0+] GetRightsIdByPath2 (returns extra byte)
620	[2.0.0+] #SetSdCardEncryptionSeed
800	[2.0.0+] GetAndClearFileSystemProxyErrorInfo
1000	SetBisRootForHost
1001	SetSaveDataSize
1002	SetSaveDataRootPath
1003	DisableAutoSaveDataCreation
1004	#SetGlobalAccessLogMode
1005	#GetGlobalAccessLogMode
1006	#OutputAccessLogToSdCard

Permissions

Every time permissions are checked, the process registration #fsp-pr is loaded using the session processID. The permission data is populated with data from the NPDM,

If the processID is <= 6 (which happens only for built-in sysmodules), it will use a hardcoded registration data. The default mask in this case is 0x8000000000000000.

Note that the functions check whether or not at least one bit is set in the mask. This means that, you don't need to set 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF to get all permissions: it suffices to set 0x8000000000000000.

If the code were to request an invalid input type, panic. But this never happens.

RwPermissions

Type(s)	Mask	Name	Value	Used by
0x0	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType2	1	#MountContent
0x1	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType5	1	#MountContent
0x2	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType3	1	#MountContent
0x3	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType4	1	#MountContent
0x4	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType6	1	#MountContent
0x5	0x8000000000000801	MountContentType7	1	#MountContent
0x6	0x8000000000000000		3
0x7	0x8000000000000800	ContentStorageAccess	3	#MountContentStorage
0x8	0x8000000000001000	ImageDirectoryAccess	3	#MountImageDirectory
0x9	0x8000000000000084	MountBisType28	3	#MountBis
0xA	0x8000000000000080	MountBisType29	3	#MountBis
0xB	0x8000000000008080	MountBisType30	3	#MountBis
0xC	0x8000000000008080	MountBisType31	3	#MountBis
0xD	0x8000000000000080		3
0xE	0xC000000000200000	SdCardAccess	3	#MountSdCard
0xF	0x8000000000000010	GameCardUser	3	#MountGameCardPartition
0x10	0x8000000000040020	SaveDataAccess0	3	#MountSaveData
0x11	0x8000000000000028	SystemSaveDataAccess0	3	#MountSystemSaveData
0x12	0x8000000000000020	SaveDataAccess1	3	#MountSaveData
0x13	0x8000000000000020	SystemSaveDataAccess1	3	#MountSystemSaveData
0x14	0x8000000000010082	BisPartition0	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x15	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition10	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x17	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition20	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x18	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition21	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x19	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition22	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1A	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition23	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1B	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition24	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1C	0x8000000000010080	BisPartition25	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x16	0x8000000000000080	BisPartition26	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1D	0x8000000000000084	BisPartition27	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1E	0x8000000000000084	BisPartition28	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x1F	0x8000000000000080	BisPartition29	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x20	0x8000000000000080	BisPartition30	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x21	0x8000000000000080	BisPartition31	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x22	0x8000000000000080	BisPartition32	3	#OpenBisPartition
0x23	0xC000000000200000		3
0x24	0x8000000000000100	GameCard_System	3	#OpenGameCardPartition, #EraseGameCard (bit1), #WriteToGameCard (bit1)
0x25	0x8000000000100008	MountContent_System	1	#MountContent, #OpenDataStorageByDataId
0x26	0xC000000000400000	HostAccess	3	#OpenHostFileSystemImpl

BoolPermissions

Type(s)	Mask	Name	Used by
0x0	0x8000000000000080	BisCache	#InvalidateBisCache
0x1	0x8000000000000080	EraseMmc	#EraseMmc
0x2	0x8000000000000010	GameCardCertificate	#GetGameCardDeviceCertificate
0x3	0x8000000000000010	GameCardIdSet	#GetGameCardIdSet
0x4	0x8000000000000200	GameCardDriver	#FinalizeGameCardDriver
0x5	0x8000000000000200	GameCardAsic	#GetGameCardAsicInfo
0x6	0x8000000000002020	SaveDataCreate	#CreateSaveData
0x7	0x8000000000000060	SaveDataDelete0	#DeleteSaveData, #RegisterSaveDataAtomicDeletion
0x8	0x8000000000000028	SystemSaveDataCreate0	#CreateSystemSaveData
0x9	0x8000000000000020	SystemSaveDataCreate1	#CreateSystemSaveData
0xA	0x8000000000004028	SaveDataDelete1	#DeleteSaveData, #RegisterSaveDataAtomicDeletion
0xB	0x8000000000000060	SaveDataIterators0	#OpenSaveDataIterator, #OpenSaveDataInfoIterator
0xC	0x8000000000004020	SaveDataIterators1	#OpenSaveDataIterator, #OpenSaveDataInfoIterator
0xD	0x8000000000020000	SaveThumbnails	#OpenSaveDataThumbnailFile
0xE	0x8000000000000400	PosixTime	#SetCurrentPosixTime
0xF	0x8000000000004060	SaveDataExtraData	#ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData
0x10	0x8000000000080000	GlobalMode	#SetGlobalAccessMode
0x11	0x8000000000080000	SpeedEmulation	#SetSpeedEmulationMode
0x12	Invalid
0x13	0xC000000000800000	PaddingFiles	#CreatePaddingFile, #DeletePaddingFiles
0x14	0xC000000001000000	SaveData_Debug	#CorruptSaveDataForDebug
0x15	0xC000000002000000	SaveData_SystemManagement	#CreateSaveData, #MountSaveData, #SetSaveDataRootPath
[2.0.0+] 0x16	0x8000000004000000
[2.0.0+] 0x17	0x8000000008000000
[2.0.0+] 0x18	0x8000000010000000
[2.0.0+] 0x19	0x8000000000000800
[2.0.0+] 0x1A	0x8000000000004020

Initialize

Takes a pid-descriptor.

MountContent7

Takes an input u32 (same as #MountContent) and an u64 title-id. Web-applet loads the u32 from u32_table[inparam]. The in32 must be 4.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

Note: web-applet strings refer to both this cmd and the below "MountContent" as "MountContent".

MountContent

Takes a type-0x19 input buffer, an in32, and an input title-id.

The in32 must be 5 if the NCA type is 0 (control).

The in32 must be 2..7.

The input buffer is the output string path from nsam GetContentNcaPath.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

May return errors when attempting to access NCA-paths for an update-title with a gamecard, when the gamecard isn't inserted. May return error 0x7D402 in some cases with update-titles. Non-val2 in32 values with NCA-type1 are unusable, even for normal titles.

The official "MountApplicationPackage" func uses this with in64=0 and in32=7.

After the in32-specific permissions are checked, it then gets the func retval for permissions-type 0x25 and func0.

When in32=5, it uses in64=0xffffffffffffffff internally, otherwise it checks if in64 is set to 0xffffffffffffffff then throws an error if so. When the in64 used internally is not 0xffffffffffffffff, it's compared with the NCA titleID, then an error is thrown on mismatch.

MountBis

Takes a type-0x19 input buffer string and a u32 Bis partitionID(see below). Official user-process code sets instr[0] = 0 normally.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

Only partitionIDs for FAT partitions are usable with this, otherwise error 0x2EE202 is returned. Seems to be about the same as #OpenBisPartition except this mounts the partition filesystem instead of allowing direct access to the partition sectors.

OpenBisPartition

Takes a u32 partition ID, returns 0x2EE202 for partitions which do not exist, 0x320002 for partitions which cannot be opened and a valid #IStorage handle otherwise.

InvalidateBisCache

Seems to invalidate the Bis cache for MBR/GPT after overwriting that data via the OpenBisPartition IStorage. Used by SystemInitializer.

DeleteSaveData

Takes an input u64.

CreateSaveData

Takes a 0x40-byte Save-struct entry, a 0x40-byte SaveCreate-struct entry, and a 0x10-byte input struct.

Only the first 0x5-bytes in the 0x10-byte struct are initialized: all-zero when automatically creating savedata during savecommon mount by official user-processes. In the dedicated save-creation code in official user-processes: +0 u32 = 0x40060, +4 u8 = 1.

Creates regular savedata.

CreateSystemSaveData

Takes a 0x40-byte Save-struct entry and a 0x40-byte SaveCreate-struct entry.

Creates savedata in the SYSTEM NAND partition.

OpenGameCardPartition

Takes an input u32 (partition ID), and returns an #IStorage for the partition.

MountGameCardPartition

Takes two input u32s, with the second u32 located at +4 in rawdata after the first u32.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

Mounts a gamecard partition.

MountSaveData

Takes an input u8 and a 0x40-byte Save-struct entry. Official user-process code is only known to use value 1 for the u8.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

Permissions aren't checked until the specified save is successfully found.

Only one process can mount a given savedata at any given time (this includes systemsavedata).

MountSystemSaveData

Takes an input u8 and a 0x40-byte Save-struct entry. Web-applet only uses value0 for the input u8.

Returns an #IFileSystem.

Mounts savedata in the SYSTEM NAND partition.

MountContentStorage

Takes a #ContentStorageId. Invalid values return 0x2EE202.

Returns an #IFileSystem with NCA files. The read data from these files is identical to the data read by Content_Manager_services#ReadEntryRaw.

OpenDataStorageByDataId

Takes a #StorageId and a TitleID.

Returns a domain object ID implementing the #IStorage interface for data archives.

OpenDeviceOperator

This command returns a session to a port implementing the #IDeviceOperator interface.

OpenSdCardDetectionEventNotifier

This command returns a session to a port implementing the #IEventNotifier interface.

OpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier

This command returns a session to a port implementing the #IEventNotifier interface.

VerifySaveData

Takes an unknown input u64 and a type-0x6 output buffer.

The input u64 high-byte must be non-zero, otherwise an error is returned(0xE02).

SetSdCardEncryptionSeed

Takes 0x10-bytes of input.

Appears to be used to load the seed into FS-module state, since FS-module itself doesn't seem to have file-reading code to handle this itself.

NS-module uses this with data read from a file.

SetGlobalAccessLogMode

Takes an input u32.

GetGlobalAccessLogMode

Returns an output u32.

GlobalAccessLogMode is normally 0.

OutputAccessLogToSdCard

Takes a type-0x5 input buffer.

The input buffer is the string to output to the log. User-processes normally include a newline at the end.

User-processes only use this when the value previously loaded from #GetGlobalAccessLogMode has bit1 set.

When bit1 in GlobalAccessLogMode is clear, FS-module will just return 0 for OutputAccessLogToSdCard. However even with that set the log doesn't show up SD, unknown why.

The input buffer is written to the "$FsAccessLog:/FsAccessLog.txt" file, where "$FsAccessLog" is the SD-card mount-name. It's written to the current end of the file(appended).

IStorage

This is the interface for a raw device, usually a block device.

Cmd	Name	Arguments
0	Read	Takes a type-0x46 buffer, an offset and length
1	Write	Takes a type-0x45 buffer, an offset and length
2	Flush	None
3	SetSize	Takes a size
4	GetSize	None

IFileSystem

There are two main implementations of this interface:

• RomFS: Filesystem implementation statically linked in the binary. Uses an #IStorage interface as underlying raw device.
• IPC proxy: Used for all non-RomFS filesystems. In this case, actual filesystem implementation is in the FS process.

Cmd	Name
0	CreateFile
1	DeleteFile
2	CreateDirectory
3	DeleteDirectory
4	DeleteDirectoryRecursively
5	RenameFile
6	RenameDirectory
7	GetEntryType
8	OpenFile
9	OpenDirectory
10	Commit
11	GetFreeSpaceSize
12	GetTotalSpaceSize
13	CleanDirectoryRecursively [3.0.0+]
14	GetFileTimeStampRaw [3.0.0+]

Commit

Like 3DS, this has to be used after writing to savedata for the changes to take affect.

IDirectory

Cmd	Name
0	Read
1	GetEntryCount

IFile

Cmd	Name
0	Read
1	Write
2	Flush
3	SetSize
4	GetSize

IDeviceOperator

Cmd	Name
0	IsSdCardInserted
1	GetSdCardSpeedMode
2	[2.0.0+] GetSdCardCid
3	[2.0.0+] GetSdCardUserAreaSize
4	[2.0.0+] GetSdCardProtectedAreaSize
5	[2.0.0+] GetAndClearSdCardErrorInfo
6	[2.0.0+]
100	GetMmcCid
101	GetMmcSpeedMode
110	EraseMmc
111	GetMmcPartitionSize
112	[2.0.0+] GetMmcPatrolCount
113	[2.0.0+] GetAndClearMmcErrorInfo
114	[2.0.0+] GetMmcExtendedCsd
200	IsGameCardInserted
201	EraseGameCard
202	GetGameCardHandle
203	#GetGameCardUpdatePartitionInfo
204	FinalizeGameCardDriver
205	GetGameCardAttribute
206	GetGameCardDeviceCertificate
207	GetGameCardAsicInfo
208	GetGameCardIdSet
209	WriteToGameCard
210	SetVerifyWriteEnalbleFlag
211	GetGameCardImageHash
212	[2.0.0+] GetGameCardErrorInfo
213	[2.0.0+]
214	[2.0.0+] GetGameCardCid
215	[2.0.0+]
216	[2.0.0+]
217	[2.1.0+] Returns 0x40-bytes of output data.
300	SetSpeedEmulationMode
301	GetSpeedEmulationMode

GetGameCardUpdatePartitionInfo

Returns a titleID and the title-version for it.

• Output u32 with ARMS-gamecard: title-version v131162. This is the title-version for 2.1.0, which is the sysupdate included with this gamecard. Launch-day gamecards return title-version v450.
• Output u64 with ARMS-gamecard: titleID 0100000000000816.

NS appears to only use this with Content_Manager_services#GetTitleIdInfo and Content_Manager_services#GetUpdateTitleList with storageid=nandsys, for checking whether a sysupdate is required.

IEventNotifier

Cmd	Name
0	BindEvent

StorageId

Value	Name
0	None
1	Host
2	GameCard
3	NandSystem
4	NandUser
5	SdCard

ContentStorageId

Value	Name
0	NandSystem
1	NandUser
2	SdCard

ContentPath

These are the 0x300 paths to NCA files for the various filesystems FS can access, beginning with @. They're passed via X descriptors, and returned via various ncm/lr commands.

Path	Notes
@SystemContent
@UserContent
@SdCardContent
@CalibFile
@Safe
@User
@System
@Sdcard
@Host
@GcApp	Gamecard App partition (Partition 2)
@GcS00000001	Gamecard Contents.
@upp	Gamecard update partition (Partition 0)

BisPartitionID

• 0: Raw NAND sectors access for MMC boot partition 0.
• 10: Raw NAND sectors access for MMC boot partition 1.
• Rest: see here.

Save Struct

Offset	Size	Description
0x0	0x8	0 for SystemSaveData. SaveData: 0 can be used for accessing the savedata associated with the current FS session titleID, otherwise when set this is the titleID associated with the savedata to access.
0x8	0x10	userID for user-specific savedata(saveuser) when set, otherwise when zero this indicates the common savedata(savecommon). This is loaded from Account_services.
0x18	0x8	u64 saveID. 0 for SaveData.
0x20	0x8	ContentStorageId? 0 for SystemSaveData. 1 for SaveData. 2 for DeviceSaveData(with official user-processes all other fields are 0 for DeviceSaveData).
0x28	0x8	0 for SystemSaveData/SaveData.
0x30	0x8	0 for SystemSaveData/SaveData.
0x38	0x8	0 for SystemSaveData/SaveData.

Total size is 0x40-bytes.

SaveCreate Struct

Offset	Size	Description
0x0	0x8	IVFC level4 size?
0x8	0x8	Same as offset 0x0 normally? Hard-coded to 0x80000 for BcatSaveData.
0x10	0x8	0x4000 for SystemSaveData/SaveData/DeviceSaveData/BcatSaveData. IVFC level4 block-size in bytes?
0x18	0x8	Official user-processes only uses 0 here for SystemSaveData/SaveData. For the dedicated save-creation code with SaveData/DeviceSaveData, this value comes from an input param with official user-processes. For BcatSaveData, this is the hard-coded titleID of the bcat-sysmodule.
0x20	0x4	Written using an input param for official user-processes. Hard-coded 0 for BcatSaveData.
0x24	0x1	Official user-processes only uses 0 here for SystemSaveData, 1 for SaveData/DeviceSaveData/BcatSaveData.
0x25	0x1	0 for SystemSaveData/SaveData.
0x26	0x1A	Not initialized for SystemSaveData/SaveData.

Total size is 0x40-bytes.

DeviceSaveData

This is accessed using the same commands for SaveData with the same input u8, the only difference compared to SaveData is the Save-struct.

BcatSaveData

This is accessed using the same commands for SaveData with the same input u8. The Save-struct is the same as DeviceSaveData, except that the titleID field is set to <input titleID>. See above regarding SaveCreate-struct.

The 0x10-byte struct passed to #CreateSaveData has the first 0x5-bytes set to all-zero.