Userspace
The userspace virtual address space can be either 32 or 36 bits. [2.0.0+] introduced support for 38 bit address spaces.
There are two regions randomized and enforced by the kernel, each one with upper bits random and 2MB-aligned:
- ReservedHeapRegion, available from SVC#svcGetInfo.
- ReservedMapRegion, available from SVC#svcGetInfo.
- [2.0.0+] NewReservedMapRegion, available from SVC#svcGetInfo.
- [2.0.0+] TlsIoRegion, not available to userspace.
The main binary is placed at an address that is provided to the kernel by Loader via SVC#svcCreateProcess.
Typically on 2.0.0+ systems, the main binary region has randomness in bits 37-21.
For the stack mapping region, the userland randomizes a page-offset where to start inside the region. This adds some additional entropy.
Binaries mapped by RO are mapped randomly everywhere in the entire address space. The base address for each NRO has all bits randomized and are 4K-aligned. This means that typically, on 2.0.0+ systems, bits 37-12 of the NRO base address are random.
For all binaries(main area / NROs), the R-- section is always located immediately after R-X. The RW- section is always located immediately after the R-- section. Hence, there's no extra randomization / guard-pages for these sections.
On version 1.0.0, the initial binaries loaded into memory by the kernel always have the upper 32-bits as all-zero, so there are 6 fewer bits of layout randomization.
Binaries loaded within the main-binary-region are loaded into memory in the following order, immediately after each other, for the binaries which exist in ExeFS:
- rtld
- main
- subsdk*
- sdk
ASLR Implementation
The kernel uses a MT19937 random number generator, seeded by a smcGetRandomBytes
1.0.0
if (AddressSpaceType == 2) { BaseAddr = 0x80000000; // 64-bit RandomMax = 0x6400; } else { BaseAddr = 0x40000000; // 32-bit RandomMax = 0x200; } if (AddressSpaceType == 4) { MapRegionSize = 0; HeapRegionSize = 0x80000000; } else { MapRegionSize = 0x40000000; HeapRegionSize = 0x40000000; } if (EnableAslr) { rnd0 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21; rnd1 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21; } else { rnd0 = rnd1 = 0; } this->MapBaseAddr = BaseAddr + min(rnd0, rnd1) this->HeapRegionBaseAddr = this->MapBaseAddr + MapRegionSize + max(rnd0, rnd1) - min(rnd0, rnd1)
Kernel
For more details, see #Notes. Here comes a summary.
PXN bit is set in the MMU descriptor for userland code pages. This means that userland code pages are not executable in kernel mode (this is equivalent to SMEP on x86).
For userland pages, the kernel has same access as userland (either both are read-only or both are read-write). It does not have SMAP. The previous rule has one exception: pages that are mapped unreadable in usermode are still forced readable from kernelmode.
As of 2.0.0 KASLR is not used.
1.0.0
Virtual | Physical | Size | Attributes | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0xFFFFFFFFBFC00000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC45FFF | 0x800A0000 | 0x46000 | 0x78B | R-X | Kernel .text |
0xFFFFFFFFBFC46000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC48FFF | 0x800E6000 | 0x3000 | 0x6000000000078B | R-- | Kernel .rodata |
0xFFFFFFFFBFC49000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC4FFFF | 0x800E9000 | 0x7000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel .data+.bss |
0xFFFFFFFFBFD72000-0xFFFFFFFFBFD72FFF | 0x6000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Exception vectors |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5FFF | 0x60007000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Flow controller |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7FFF | 0x60004000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Primary ICTLR |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9FFF | 0x60001000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Resource Semaphore |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDBB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBBFFF | 0x70016000 | 0x2000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | ATOMICS |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDBE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBEFFF | 0x7000E000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | PMC |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0FFF | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Clock and reset |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2FFF | 0x7001D000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC1 |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4FFF | 0x7001C000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC0 |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6FFF | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8FFF | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | UART-A |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDCA000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCBFFF | 0x80060000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDCE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCFFFF | 0x80068000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel main stack (cpu0) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2FFF | 0x80070000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel runner stack (cpu0) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDD4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD5FFF | 0x80062000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDD8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD9FFF | 0x8006A000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel main stack (cpu1) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDDC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDCFFF | 0x80071000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel runner stack (cpu1) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDDE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDFFFF | 0x80064000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDE2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE3FFF | 0x8006C000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel main stack (cpu2) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6FFF | 0x80072000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel runner stack (cpu2) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDE8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE9FFF | 0x80066000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDEC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDEDFFF | 0x8006E000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel main stack (cpu3) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0FFF | 0x80073000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel runner stack (cpu3) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDFB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFBFFF | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | ARM Interrupt Distributor |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDFD000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFDFFF | 0x50042000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDF2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF3FFF | 0x80060000+(cpuid*0x2000) | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDF6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF7FFF | 0x80068000+(cpuid*0x2000) | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel main stack (per-core self-mirror) |
0xFFFFFFFFBFDFF000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFFFFF | 0x80084000+(cpuid*0x1000) | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel runner stack (per-core self-mirror) |
0xFFFFFFFE00000000-... | 0x80000000 | ... | 0x60000000000709 | RW- | Raw DRAM access |
2.0.0
Cores | Virtual | Physical | Size | Attributes | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC62FFF | 0x800A0000 | 0x63000 | 0x78B | R-X | Kernel .text |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC63000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC65FFF | 0x80103000 | 0x3000 | 0x6000000000078B | R-- | Kernel .rodata |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC66000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC6EFFF | 0x80106000 | 0x9000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel .data+.bss |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0FFF | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Clock and Reset |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2FFF | 0x7001D000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC1 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4FFF | 0x7001C000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC0 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6FFF | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8FFF | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | UART-A |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCA000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCAFFF | 0x80060000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCEFFF | 0x80068000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2FFF | 0x80070000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4FFF | 0x80062000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8FFF | 0x8006A000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDCFFF | 0x80071000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDEFFF | 0x80064000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2FFF | 0x8006C000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6FFF | 0x80072000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8FFF | 0x80066000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDEC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDECFFF | 0x8006E000 | 0x2000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0FFF | 0x80073000 | 0x1000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | ARM Interrupt Distributor |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF | 0x50042000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface |
All | 0xFFFFFFF800000000-... | 0x80000000 | ... | 0x60000000000709 | RW- | Raw DRAM access |
3.0.0
Cores | Virtual | Physical | Size | Attributes | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4AFFF | 0x800A0000 | 0x4B000 | 0x78B | R-X | Kernel .text |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4B000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4DFFF | 0x800EB000 | 0x3000 | 0x6000000000078B | R-- | Kernel .rodata |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4E000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC5AFFF | 0x800EE000 | 0xD000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel .data+.bss |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Clock and Reset |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF | 0x7001D000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC1 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF | 0x7001C000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC0 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | UART-A |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | ARM Interrupt Distributor |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF | 0x50042000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface |
4.0.0
Cores | Virtual | Physical | Size | Attributes | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC50FFF | 0x800A0000 | 0x51000 | 0x4000000000078B | R-X | Kernel .text |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC51000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC53FFF | 0x800F1000 | 0x3000 | 0x6000000000078B | R-- | Kernel .rodata |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFC54000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC61FFF | 0x800F4000 | 0xE000 | 0x6000000000070B | RW- | Kernel .data+.bss |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Clock and Reset |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF | 0x7001D000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC1 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF | 0x7001C000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC0 |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | MC |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | UART-A |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | ARM Interrupt Distributor |
All | 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF | 0x50042000 | 0x1000 | 0x60000000000607 | RW- | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface |
The rest are are mapped to core-specific physaddrs, each one is 0x1000-bytes. Descriptor ORR-value = 0x6000000000070B.
Vmem | Physmem |
---|---|
0xFFFFFFF7FFDF7000 | <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000> + 0x1000 |
0xFFFFFFF7FFDF3000 | <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000> + 0x1000 |
0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000 | 0x800XX000 |
0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000 | 0x800XX000 |
0xFFFFFFF7FFDFF000 | 0x800XX000 |
0xFFFFFFF7FFDF9000 | 0x800XX000 |
Secure Monitor
1.0.0
Vmem | Physmem | Size | Descriptor ORR-value | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0x1F0000000 | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | ARM Interrupt Distributor | |
0x1F0002000 | 0x50042000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU Interface | |
0x1F0005000 | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | UART-A | |
0x1F0007000 | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | Clock and Reset | |
0x1F0009000 | 0x7000E000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | PMC | |
0x1F000B000 | 0x60005000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TMR | |
0x1F000D000 | 0x6000C000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | System Registers | |
0x1F000F000 | 0x70012000 | 0x2000 | 0x40000000000304 | SE | |
0x1F0012000 | 0x700F0000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | SYSCTR0 | |
0x1F0014000 | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | MC | |
0x1F0016000 | 0x7000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | FUSE | |
0x1F0018000 | 0x70000000 | 0x4000 | 0x40000000000304 | MISC | |
0x1F001D000 | 0x60007000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | Flow controller | |
0x1F001F000 | 0x40002000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | IRAM | |
0x1F0021000 | 0x7000D000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | I2C-5 | |
0x1F0023000 | 0x6000D000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | GPIO-1 | |
0x1F0025000 | 0x7000C000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | I2C | |
0x1F0180000 | 0x40020000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000324 | IRAM | |
0x1F01A0000 | 0x7C010000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000384 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01C3000 | 0x80010000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000324 | EMEM | |
0x1F01C2000 | 0x8000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | EMEM | |
0x1F01E0000 | 0x7C013000 | 0xB000 | 0x304 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor) | |
0x1F01F0000 | 0x7C01E000 | 0x2000 | 0x304 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init) | |
0x1F01F6000 | 0x7C01E000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01F8000 | 0x7C01F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01FA000 | 0x7C010000 | 0x1000 | 0x304 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors) | |
0x1F01FC000 | 0x7C011000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01FE000 | 0x7C012000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TZRAM |
2.0.0
Vmem | Physmem | Size | Descriptor ORR-value | Permissions | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0x7C010000 | 0x7C010000 | 0x10000 | 0x300 | TZRAM | |
0x40020000 | 0x40020000 | 0x20000 | 0x300 | iRAM-C | |
0x1F0080000 | 0x50041000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | ARM Interrupt Distributor | |
0x1F0082000 | 0x50042000 | 0x2000 | 0x40000000000304 | Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface | |
0x1F0085000 | 0x70006000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | UART-A | |
0x1F0087000 | 0x60006000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | Clock and Reset | |
0x1F0089000 | 0x7000E000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | PMC | |
0x1F008B000 | 0x60005000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | TMR | |
0x1F008D000 | 0x6000C000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | System Registers | |
0x1F008F000 | 0x70012000 | 0x2000 | 0x40000000000304 | SE | |
0x1F0092000 | 0x700F0000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | SYSCTR0 | |
0x1F0094000 | 0x70019000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | MC | |
0x1F0096000 | 0x7000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | FUSE (0x7000F800) | |
0x1F0098000 | 0x70000000 | 0x4000 | 0x40000000000304 | MISC | |
0x1F009D000 | 0x60007000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | Flow Controller | |
0x1F009F000 | 0x40002000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | iRAM-A | |
0x1F00A1000 | 0x7000D000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | I2C5 - SPI 2B-6 | |
0x1F00A3000 | 0x6000D000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | GPIO-1 - GPIO-8 | |
0x1F00A5000 | 0x7000C000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | I2C-I2C4 | |
0x1F00A7000 | 0x6000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000304 | Exception vectors | |
0x1F0180000 | 0x40020000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000324 | iRAM-C | |
0x1F0190000 | 0x40003000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | iRAM-A | |
0x1F01A0000 | 0x7C010000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000380 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01C3000 | 0x80010000 | 0x10000 | 0x40000000000324 | EMEM | |
0x1F01C2000 | 0x8000F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000324 | EMEM | |
0x1F01E0000 | 0x7C013000 | 0xB000 | 0x300 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor) | |
0x1F01F0000 | 0x7C01E000 | 0x2000 | 0x300 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init) | |
0x1F01F6000 | 0x7C01E000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000300 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01F8000 | 0x7C01F000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000300 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01FA000 | 0x7C010000 | 0x1000 | 0x300 | TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors) | |
0x1F01FC000 | 0x7C011000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000300 | TZRAM | |
0x1F01FE000 | 0x7C012000 | 0x1000 | 0x40000000000300 | TZRAM |
IRAM
BCT
When copied to IRAM at address 0x40000000, the BCT has an additional header as follows.
Offset | Size | Field | Description |
---|---|---|---|
0x00 | 0x50 | bct_global_header |
0x00: unk_version0 (0x00210001) 0x04: unk_version1 (0x00210001) 0x08: unk_version2 (0x00210001) 0x4C: bct_data_addr (address of the actual BCT) |
0x50 | 0x18 | bootloader0_header |
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader0 is used) |
0x68 | 0x18 | bootloader1_header |
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader1 is used) |
0x80 | 0x18 | bootloader2_header |
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader2 is used) |
0x98 | 0x18 | bootloader3_header |
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader3 is used) |
0xB0 | 0x50 |
0x40: bct_end_addr |
Notes
2.0.0
Granule size for TTBR0*_EL1 is 4KB. TTBR0_EL1 vmem starts at vaddr 0x0. vmem end-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xffffffffffffffff. vmem start-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xFFFFFFF000000000. T0SZ = 31. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR0*_EL1 vmem region is 33. (0x0000000200000000) T1SZ = 28. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR1*_EL1 vmem region is 36. (0x0000001000000000) Note: ARM config for TTBR0 is presumably configured for userland later. See arm-doc for "Table D4-25 Translation table entry addresses when using the 4KB translation granule". See arm-doc for "Overview of VMSAv8-64 address translation using the 4KB translation granule". See arm-doc for "Table D4-11 TCR.TnSZ values and IA ranges, 4K granule with no concatenation of tables". Both TTBR*_EL1 use "Initial lookup level" 1. Therefore, the TTBR*_EL1 tables are level1. Due to T*SZ, Stage1/Stage2 translation for the initial table(level1) are the same, except Stage2 uses hard-coded T0SZ. Basically, the table is accessed as: ((u64*)tablebase)[<IA[y:30]>], where y = (37-T*SZ)+26. That is, starting at bit "y" ending(inclusive) at bit30. For TTBR0*_EL1, y = 32, while for TTBR1_EL1 y = 35. Hence, for TTBR0, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x7), and for TTBR1, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x3f).
"Vector Base Address Register (EL1)" = 0xfffffff7ffc50800.
The table for TTBR0 only contains the following:
- Vmem 0x80000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000, using a size loaded from a register. This is only done when: "endaddr = 0x7fffffff + size; if(endaddr >= 0x80000001){...}"
- The size is loaded from: "(u32 *0x70019050 & 0x3fff) << 20;"
- The value written to the MMU-table descriptor is: "physaddr | val | 0x709;". val is 1<<52 when "tmp>>34" is non-zero and when "if((physaddr & 0x3c0000000) == 0)", otherwise val=0. tmp=size at the start and increased by 0xffffffffc0000000 each loop iteration. physaddr is increased by 0x40000000 each loop iteration.
TTBR1:
- vmem 0xFFFFFFF800000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000. Similar to above, except tmp=0 due to wrap-around, etc. This also has usermode/kernel XN enabled in the descriptor ORR-value. The chunksize used when increasing addr is 0xfffffff840000000, with another +=0x40000000 separate from the addr cmp for the loop.
- "endaddr = 0x3fffffff + (<size from above> | 0xfffffff800000000); enaddr = (endaddr & 0xffffffffc0000000)-1; if(endaddr >= 0xfffffff800000001){<map mem>}"
- Initializes level2 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7C0000000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
- The content of the pagetable for the following level3 mmutables are not initialized in the main mmutable-init func. descriptor = 0x8007c003(0x3 | <physaddr tablebase>). tablebase=0x8007c000.
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEE00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x1<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF000000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x2<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF200000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x3<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFA00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x7<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEC00000. physaddr = tablebase.
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF400000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x4<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF600000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x5<<12).
- Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF800000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x6<<12).