Nintendo Switch Brew - User contributions [en]

Switch System Flaws

2019-02-03T22:09:46Z

TuxSH: rip my potential 0day

Exploits are used to execute unofficial code (homebrew) on the Nintendo Switch. This page is a list of publicly known Switch system flaws.

For userland applications/applets flaws see [[Switch_Userland_Flaws|here]].

= System flaws =
== Hardware ==
Flaws in this category pertain to the underlying hardware that powers the Switch.

This includes components shared across Tegra based devices such as the [[TSEC]], the [[Security_Engine|Security Engine]], the [[GPU]] and so on.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Summary
! Description
! Fixed with hardware model/revision
! Newest hardware model/revision this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| CVE-2018-6242 (leveraged by the ShofEL2 and Fusée Gelée exploits)
| The USB software stack provided inside the boot instruction rom (IROM/bootROM) contains a copy operation whose length can be controlled by an attacker. By carefully constructing a USB control request, an attacker can leverage this vulnerability to copy the contents of an attacker-controlled buffer over the active execution stack, gaining control of the Boot and Power Management processor (BPMP) before any lock-outs or privilege reductions occur. This execution can then be used to exfiltrate secrets and to load arbitrary code onto the main CPU Complex (CCPLEX) "application processors" at the highest possible level of privilege (typically as the TrustZone Secure Monitor at PL3/EL3).
| Unknown (Tegra186 and Tegra214)
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| January 2018
| April 23, 2018
| [[User:Shuffle2|shuffle2]] and fail0verflow (originally),<br> [[User:Ktemkin|ktemkin]] and ReSwitched Team (independently),<br> [[User:Naehrwert|naehrwert]] (independently),<br> [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]] (independently),<br> st4rk with [[User:Shinyquagsire23|Shiny Quagsire]] and Dazzozo (independently),<br> and many others (independently).
|-
| GMMU DMA attack
| The Switch's GPU includes a separate MMU (GMMU) that is allowed to bypass the system's IOMMU (SMMU). By accessing the GPU's MMIO region and manipulating the page table entries in the GMMU, an attacker can read/write any portion of the DRAM (except memory carveouts).

[5.0.0+] Works around this hardware flaw by using memory pool partitioning. You can no longer escalate into sysmodules with GPU DMA because all their memory is allocated using heap that's carved out.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| Summer 2017
| December 28, 2017
| [[User:hexkyz|hexkyz]], [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Weak Security Engine context validation
| The Tegra X1 supports a "deep sleep" feature, where everything but DRAM and the PMC registers lose their content (and the SoC loses power). Upon awaking, the bootrom re-executes, restoring system state. Among these stored states is the Security Engine's saved state, which uses AES-128-CBC with a random key and all-zeroes IV. However, the bootrom doesn't perform a MAC on this data, and only validates the last block. This allows one to control most of security engine's state upon wakeup, if one has a way to modify the encrypted state buffer.

With a way to modify the encrypted state buffer, one can thus dump keys from "write-only" keyslots, etc.

This also bypasses the SBK protection of the bootROM: indeed, at warmboot, bootROM will always clear keyslot 0xE to prevent malicious code from saving the SBK. Moving the SBK to another keyslot in the saved context renders this protection moot.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| December 2017
| January 20, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| Security Engine keyslots vulnerable to partial overwrite attack
|
The Tegra X1 security engine supports writing keyslot data to the engine with syntax as follows:

SECURITY_ENGINE->AES_KEYTABLE_ADDR = (keyslot << 4) | (dword_index_in_keyslot);

SECURITY_ENGINE->AES_KEYTABLE_DATA = readle32(key, dword_index_in_keyslot * 4);

However, the Security Engine flushes writes to the internal key tables immediately when AES_KEYTABLE_DATA is written -- this allows one to overwrite a single dword of a key at a time, and thus brute force the contents of keyslots in time (2^32 * 8) = 2^35 instead of 2^256.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| Theorized Summer 2017 due to suggestive syntax, confirmed April 9, 2018
| April 9, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], almost surely others (independently).
|-
| Poor validation of bootrom SDRAM configuration parameters leads to arbitrary writes in bootrom
|
The Tegra X1 bootrom supports saving SDRAM parameters to scratch registers, and using the saved configuration to enable DRAM during warmboot.

The code that parses these parameters does if (params->EmcBctSpareN) *params->EmcBctSpareN = params->EmcBctSpareNPlusOne for most N, without validating either the address or value written to it.
There are other arbitrary writes in this code, as well (e.g. BootromPatch parameters intended for patching MISC registers do not check a relative offset to 0x7000000, etc).

This allows a user with access to the PMC registers (via pre-sleep bpmp execution, or otherwise) to gain arbitrary bootrom code execution.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| 2017
| December 16, 2018
| Everyone (independently).
|}

== Software ==
=== Bootloader ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any bootloader component such as the [[Package1#Package1ldr|package1ldr]], the [[Package1#Section_1|NX bootloader]] or the [[Package1#Section_0|warmboot binary]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Null-dereference in panic()
| The Switch's stage 1 bootloader, on panic(), clears the stack and then attempts to clear the Security Engine. However, it does so by dereferencing a pointer to the SE in .bss (initially NULL), and this pointer doesn't get initialized until partway into the bootloader's main() after several functions that might panic() are called. Thus, a panic() caused prior to SE initialization would result in the SE pointer still being NULL when dereferenced.
The BPMP doesn't have an active MPU and the bus won't data abort on an invalid address, so no exception will be entered: it'll end up overwriting some exception vectors with NULL before halting.

In 3.0.0, this was fixed by moving the security engine initialization earlier in main(), before the first function that could potentially panic().
| Some exception vectors overwritten with NULL, before SBK/other keyslots are cleared. Probably useless for anything more interesting.
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| Early July, 2017
| July 30, 2017
| Everyone who diff'd 2.3.0 and 3.0.0 Package1
|-
| FUSE_DIS_PGM not written by package1
| The switch's hardware fuse driver contains a write-once bit in a register called "FUSE_DIS_PGM", which disables burning fuses until the next reboot. While Nintendo's bootloader code for waking up from sleep writes this on all firmware, the actual package1 initial bootloader forgets to write to it on cold reboot.

This isn't too big of a problem because another fuse is burnt on retail devices (production mode), which prevents burning *all* fuses other than ODM_RESERVED ones in hardware.

This was fixed in 3.0.0 by writing to the register on cold boot (although the write happens in TZ instead of package1 where it should take place, possibly to obfuscate the fact that they made this mistake).
| Burning arbitrary ODM reserved fuses with TZ code execution, which should never be possible for non-bootloader code.

Warning: one could irreparably brick one's console by playing with this.
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| Late summer/early fall 2017
| December 31, 2017
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| TSEC firmware compromises itself
| Package1ldr loads a firmware blob into TSEC early on boot. This piece of code runs on the TSEC in Authenticated Mode and has the sole purpose of generating the per-console TSEC key (see [[Cryptosystem]]).

As a way to mitigate attacks, the TSEC firmware blob is split into 3 stages: [[TSEC#Stage_0|Stage 0]] which is unencrypted and unsigned, [[TSEC#Stage_1|Stage 1]] which is unencrypted but signed and [[TSEC#Stage_2|Stage 2]] which is encrypted and signed.
Stage 0 loads a static pre-generated signature into the Falcon's CPU crypto registers, loads Stage 1 into the Falcon's CODE region and jumps to it. Execution will proceed into Stage 1 in Authenticated Mode if, and only if, the loaded signature matches the one Falcon calculates internally for Stage 1.

Among various things, Stage 1 will attempt to do a "backwards" security check by calculating a CMAC over Stage 0 and comparing it with a known hash stored in the TSEC firmware's key data (a small buffer stored after Stage 0's code). If the hashes don't match, execution aborts.

Stage 1 stores the calculated Stage 0's CMAC in the stack, but forgets to clear it. Since the stack is located in Falcon's DATA region, loading the TSEC firmware blob and dumping the DATA region afterwards (via MMIO) will reveal the calculated hash.
This allows using Stage 1 as an oracle to generate a valid CMAC for arbitrary Stage 0 code. Replacing the CMAC in the TSEC firmware's key data region results in Stage 1 accepting any Stage 0 code, thus rendering this security measure useless.

Additionally, since signed Falcon code can't be revoked without an hardware revision, an attacker can always reuse the flawed Stage 1 code even if a fix is issued.
| Running TSEC firmware's Stage 1 in a user controlled environment. Mostly useless, but may aid in side-channel attacks.
| None
| [[5.0.2]]
| January 2018
| April 29, 2018
| [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]]
|-
| pk1ldrhax
| Package1ldr decrypts and verifies the keyblob inside of the current BCT in order to get the package1 key, and then uses the package1 key to decrypt package1. It then validates package1 before jumping to it by checking the PK11 magic number, and that the section sizes sum to the expected size (and are individually less than the expected size).

However, package1ldr does not actually validate the package1 key against a fixed vector (much like kernel9loader forgot to do so on the 3ds). This would normally not matter, as keyblobs are validated -- however, with bootrom code execution one can dump SBK and forge keyblobs, and thus control the package1 key.

Thus ('''in theory, but not in practice due to the size of the brute force required''') one can replace the package1 key with garbage, causing package1 to decrypt into garbage, and hope that this garbage passes validation checks and that package1ldr jumping into the garbage will do something useful.

This was fixed incidentally in [[6.2.0]], as pk1ldr does not use keyblob data to decrypt package1 any more.

| With a large enough brute force: arbitrary package1 code execution from coldboot.

However, a usable brute force is on the order of >= ~2^80, so '''this is almost certainly not actually usable in any meaningful context'''.
| [[6.2.0]]
| [[6.2.0]]
| Early 2017 (as soon as plaintext package1ldr was first dumped)
| November 20, 2018
| Everyone
|-
|}

=== TrustZone ===
Flaws in this category pertain exclusively to the [[Package1#Section_2|Secure Monitor]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Non-atomic mutexes
| When an [[SMC]] is called, TrustZone sets a global variable to mark that an SMC is in progress, so that two SMCs using shared resources (like the security engine) do not trample on one another. On 1.0.0, this global variable was written using non-atomic writes, and thus a race condition is possible.

However, the SMC handler enforces that all SMCs must be called from core #3, unless the top-level handler ID is 1 (SMCs internal to the kernel). Thus, the only SMCs that can be run side-by-side are [any userland smc] and smcGetRandomBytesForKernel, and this turns out to not really be abusable.
| Mostly useless. Maybe some oob-write into unused (and thus useless) memory if running smcGetRandomBytesForKernel and smcGetRandomBytesForUser at the same time.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| December 2017 (Probably earlier by others)
| January 18, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], probably others.
|-
| jamais vu (non-secure world access to PMC MMIO and pre-deep sleep firmware)
| On [[1.0.0]], one could map in the PMC registers in userland. In addition, [[AM_services|am]] ran a little-kernel based firmware on the BPMP at runtime. With code execution under am, one could modify the BPMP's little-kernel firmware to hook deep sleep entry, and modify TrustZone/Security engine state.

This was fixed in [[2.0.0]] by making the PMC secure-world only, blacklisting the BPMP's exception vectors from being mapped, and thoroughly checking for malicious behavior on deep sleep entry.
| Arbitrary TrustZone code execution.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| December, 2017
| January 20, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| Missed BPMP Exception Vector Writes
| Starting in [[2.0.0]], the BPMP is asleep at runtime, and is turned on by TrustZone during [[SMC|smcCpuSuspend]] in order to initiate the deep sleep process. When it does so, it is held in RESET, and TrustZone attempts to write to the BPMP exception vectors at 0x6000F200 to register EVP_RESET = lp0_entry_fw_crt0, and all other EVPs to a function that simply reboots. However, while they successfully write EVP_RESET, they miss all the other vectors, accidentally writing to the 0x6000F004-0x6000F020 region instead of the 0x6000F204-0x6000F220 region they want to write to. This results in all the exception vectors for the BPMP other than RESET being "undefined" (attacker controlled).

With some way of causing an exception vector to be taken at the right time, this would give pre-sleep code execution (and thus arbitrary TrustZone code execution, via the security engine flaw). However, none of the abort vectors are really triggerable, and interrupts are disabled for the BPMP when it is taken out of reset. Thus, this is useless in practice.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by writing to the correct registers.
| Theoretically: Arbitrary TrustZone code execution. In practice: Useless.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| January, 2018
| February 23, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]], [[User:Naehrwert|naehrwert]], [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]], probably others, independently.
|-
|}

=== Kernel ===
Flaws in this category pertain exclusively to the [[Package2#Section_0|HorizonOS Kernel]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Syscall Infoleaks
| Many syscalls leaked kernel pointers on sad paths (for example svcSetHeapSize and svcQueryMemory), until they landed a bunch of fixes in 2.0.0.
| Nothing really.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
|
|
| ?
|-
| svcWaitSynchronization/svcReplyAndReceive bad cleanup on error
| If there is a page fault when fetching handles from the userspace array, it cleans up by dereferencing all objects despite having only loaded first N. Allows the attacker to make arbitrary decrefs on any kernel synchronization object, and thus can be used to get UAF. Haven't actually been tried on real HW though, but should work (tm).
| Kernel code execution
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
|
| 24 April
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Bad irq_id check in CreateInterruptEvent
| CreateInterruptEvent syscall is designed to work only for irq_id >= 32. All irq_ids < 32 are "per-core" and reserved for kernel use (watchdog/scheduling/core communications).
On 1.0.0 you could supply irq_id < 32 and it would write outside the SharedIrqs table.
| You can register irq's in the Core3Irqs table, and thus register per-core irqs for core3, that are normally reserved for kernel. Useless.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| ~October
| 17 October
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Kernel .text mapped executable in usermode
| Prior to [[3.0.2]] the kernel .text was [[Memory_layout|mapped]] in usermode as executable. This can be used for usermode ROP for bypassing ASLR, but SVCs/IPC are not usable by running kernel .text in usermode.
| Executing kernel .text in usermode
| [[3.0.2]]
| [[3.0.2]]
|
| 34c3 (December 28, 2017)
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Memory Controller not properly secured
| The Switch OS originally had the memory controller not set to be accessible only by the secure-world, which was problematic because insecure access can compromise the kernel.

This was fixed partially in [[2.0.0]] by blacklisting the memory controller from being mapped by user-processes, and was fixed entirely in [[4.0.0]] by making the memory controller TZ-only and making all kernel accesses go through [[SMC|smcReadWriteRegister]].
| With some way to access the memory controller MMIO, arbitrary kernel code execution.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| January 2018
| January 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], [[User:Yellows8|yellows8]]
|-
| Potential [[SVC|svcWaitForAddress]] thread use-after-free
| Between [[4.0.0]], where svcWaitForAddress was introduced, and [[7.0.0]], there was a second intrusive rbtree node in KThread for the WaitForAddress tree (the key being (address, priority), sorted lexicographically). Unlike the WaitProcessWideKeyAtomic tree, the kernel forgot to reinsert the WaitForAddress node when the thread's priority changed (priority inheritance and/or SetPriority), breaking the rbtree invariants; and since the kernel walks through the entire tree to remove intrusive nodes, you could cause threads to stay in the tree even after their deletion.

[[7.0.0]] fixed the issue by using the same intrusive node for both trees. The thread/node knows which tree it is in, and the latter is correctly updated when thread priority changes.
| It unluckily didn't look exploitable
| [[7.0.0]]
| [[7.0.0]]
| July 2018
| February 2019
| [[User:TuxSH|TuxSH]]
|-
|}

=== FIRM-package System Modules ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any of the [[Package2#Section_1|built-in system modules]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Service access control bypass (sm:h, smhax, probably other names)
| Prior to [[3.0.1]], the ''service manager'' (sm) built-in system module treats a user as though it has full permissions if the user creates a new "sm:" port session but bypasses [[Services_API#Initialize|initialization]]. This is due to the other sm commands skipping the service ACL check for Pids <= 7 (i.e. all kernel bundled modules) and that skipping the initialization command leaves the Pid field uninitialized.
In [[3.0.1]], sm returns error code 0x415 if [[Services_API#Initialize|Initialize]] has not been called yet.
| Acquiring, registering, and unregistering arbitrary services
| [[3.0.1]]
| [[3.0.1]]
| May 2017
| August 17, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| Overly permissive SPL service
| The concept behind the switch's [[SMC|Secure Monitor]] is that all cryptographic keydata is located in userspace, but stored as "access keys" encrypted with "keks" that never leave TrustZone. The [[SPL services|spl]] ("security processor liaison"?) service serves as an interface between the rest of the system and the secure monitor. Prior to [[4.0.0]], spl exposed only a single service "spl:", which provided all TrustZone wrapper functions to all sysmodules with access to it. Thus anyone with access to the spl: service (via smhax or by pwning a sysmodule with access) could do crypto with any access keys they knew.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by splitting spl: into spl:, spl:mig, spl:ssl, spl:es, and spl:fs.
| Arbitrary spl: crypto with any access keys one knows. For example, one could use the SSL module's access keys to decrypt their console's SSL certificate private key without having to pwn the SSL sysmodule.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| Summer 2017 (after smhax was discovered).
| December 23, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| Single session services not really single session
| Several "critical" services (like fsp-ldr, fsp-pr, sm:m, etc) are meant to only ever hold a single session with a specific sysmodule. However, when a sysmodule dies, all its service session handles are released -- and thus killing the holder of a single session handle would allow one (via sm:hax etc) to get access to that service.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by adding a semaphore to these critical single-session services, so that even if one gets access to them an error code will be returned when attempting to use any of their commands.
| With some way to access these services and kill their session holders (like expLDR): dumping sysmodule code, arbitrary service access, elevated filesystem permissions, etc.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| May/June 2017 (basically immediately after smhax was discovered)
| December 30, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| nspwn
| fsp-ldr command 0 "MountCode" takes in a Content Path (retrieved from NCM by Loader), and returns an IFileSystem for the resulting ExeFS. These content paths, are normally NCAs, but MountCode also supports a number of other formats, including ".nsp" -- which is just a PFS0.

When a path ending in ".nsp" is parsed by MountCode, the PFS0 is treated as a raw ExeFS. Because there is no NCA header, the ACID signatures are not validated -- and because there are no other signatures in a PFS0, this results in no signature checking happening at all.

The actual .nsp handling is eventually done by {content mounting function} called by MountCode and other FS commands.

Thus, by placing an ExeFS (NSOs + "main.npdm") and setting one's desired title ID to "@Sdcard:/some_title.nsp" or "@User:/some_title.nsp" etc one can launch arbitrary unsigned code, with arbitrary unsigned NPDMs.

This appears to have been fixed by only allowing .nsp when the input fstype==7 for the internal content-mounting function, returning 0x2EE202 otherwise.
| With access to "lr": Arbitrary code execution with full system privileges.
| [[5.0.0]]
| [[5.0.0]]
| Late 2017
| April 23, 2018
| Everyone
|-
| Single null-byte stack overflow in Loader ContentPath parsing
| Previously, loader content path parsing looked like this, where path_from_lr was up to 0x300 bytes and not necessarily null-terminated:

char nca_path[0x300] = {0};
strcat(nca_path, path_from_lr);
for (int i = 0; nca_path[i]; i++) {
if (nca_path[i] == '\\') { nca_path[i] = '/'); }
}

Thus, a content path of the maximum length (0x300 bytes) would result in strcat writing a NULL terminator past the end of the nca_path buffer.

This was fixed in [[6.0.0]], the new code looks like this:

char nca_path[0x300];
strncpy(nca_path, path_from_lr, sizeof(nca_path));
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(nca_path) && nca_path[i]; i++) {
if (nca_path[i] == '\\') { nca_path[i] = '/'); }
}

| With access to "lr": single null-byte stack overflow in Loader. Maybe (but probably not) loader code execution.
| [[6.0.0]]
| [[6.0.0]]
| September 2, 2018
| September 19, 2018
| SciresM
|-
|}

=== System Modules ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any non-built-in system module.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Out-of-bounds array read for [[BCAT_Content_Container]] secret-data index
| The [[BCAT_Content_Container]] secret-data index is not validated at all. This is handled before the RSA-signature(?) is ever used. Since the field is an u8, a total of 0x800-bytes relative to the array start can be accessed.
This is not useful since the string loaded from this array is only involved with key-generation.
|
| Unknown
| [[2.0.0]]
| August 4, 2017
| August 6, 2017
| [[User: shinyquagsire23|Shiny Quagsire]], [[User:Yellows8|yellows8]] (independently)
|-
| OOB Read in NS system module (pl:utoohax, pl:utonium, maybe other names)
| Prior to [[3.0.0]], pl:u (Shared Font services implemented in the NS sysmodule) service commands 1,2,3 took in a signed 32-bit index and returned that index of an array but did not check that index at all. This allowed for an arbitrary read within a 34-bit range (33-bit signed) from NS .bss. In [[3.0.0]], sending out of range indexes causes error code 0x60A to be returned.
| Dumping full NS .text, .rodata and .data, infoleak, etc
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| April 2017
| On exploit's fix in [[3.0.0]]
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]], ReSwitched Team (independently)
|-
| Unchecked domain ID in common IPC code
| Prior to [[2.0.0]], object IDs in [[IPC_Marshalling#Domain_message|domain messages]] are not bounds checked. This out-of-bounds read could be exploited to brute-force ASLR and get PC control in some services that support domain messages.
|
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| ~July 2017
| 20 July 2017‎
| [[User:hthh|hthh]]
|-
| expLDR (sysmodule handle table exhaustion)
| Most sysmodules share common template code to handle IPC control messages. The command DuplicateSession (type 5 command 2)'s template code will abort() if it fails to duplicate a session's handle for the requester. Because many sysmodules have limited handle table size (smaller than the browser/other entrypoints), repeatedly requesting to duplicate one's session will cause the sysmodule to run out of handle table space and abort, causing the service to release all its handles cleanly.
| Sysmodule crashes. Most usefully, crashing ldr allows access to fsp-ldr and crashing pm allows access to fsp-pr. Useless after [[4.0.0]], which mitigated a number of single-session service access issues.
| Unfixed
| [[4.1.0]]
| 24 June 2017
| 8 March 2018
| [[User:daeken|daeken]]
|-
| Transfer Memory leak in nvservices system module
| The nvservices sysmodule does not clear most of its transfer memory prior to release.
| The calling process can read key bits of memory, including breaking ASLR (by revealing the image base) and exposing the address of other transfer memory to set up attacks. More details here: [https://daeken.svbtle.com/nintendo-switch-nvservices-info-leak transfermeme (nvservices info leak)] by [[User:daeken|daeken]]
| [[6.0.0]]
| [[6.0.0]]
| June 2017
| 16 October 2018
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]] and [[User:hexkyz|hexkyz]],
[[User:daeken|daeken]] (independently)
|-
| OOB write in audio system module
| Prior to [[2.0.0]], the [[Audio_services#audout:u|AppendAudioOutBuffer]] and [[Audio_services#audin:u|AppendAudioInBuffer]] IPC commands would blindly increment the appended buffers' count while using said count value as an index to where the user data should be copied into. This resulted in an 0x28 bytes, user controlled, out-of-bounds memory write into the [[Audio_services|audio]] sysmodule's memory space.
Combined with the [[Audio_services#audout:u|GetReleasedAudioOutBuffer]] or [[Audio_services#audin:u|GetReleasedAudioInBuffer]] commands, this could also be used as an 8 byte infoleak.

In [[2.0.0]], the commands now return error code 0x1099 if the number of unreleased buffers exceeds 0x1F.
| Code execution under audio sysmodule
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
|
| November 2, 2018
| [[User:hexkyz|hexkyz]], probably others.
|-
| nvhax (memory corruption in nvservices system module)
| Prior to [[6.2.0]], the [[NV_services|nvservices]] ioctl [[NV_services#.2Fdev.2Fnvhost-ctrl-gpu|NVGPU_GPU_IOCTL_WAIT_FOR_PAUSE]] would take a single "pwarpstate" argument which would be interpreted by nvservices as a memory pointer for writing 2 "warpstate" structs (one for each Streaming Multiprocessor).
This resulted in nvservices attempting to blindly memcpy into this user supplied address and trigger a crash. However, if paired with an infoleak, this could be used to arbitrarily write 0x30 bytes anywhere in nvservices' memory space.
Additionally, the "warpstate" struct itself was never initialized, which means nvservices would leak the 0x30 bytes from the stack. By invoking other ioctls it was also possible to partially control the stack contents and achieve a usable arbitrary memory write primitive.

In [[6.2.0]], [[NV_services#.2Fdev.2Fnvhost-ctrl-gpu|NVGPU_GPU_IOCTL_WAIT_FOR_PAUSE]] now takes 2 inline "warpstate" structs instead of a "pwarpstate" pointer, thus effectively avoiding the bad memcpy.
| Code execution under nvservices sysmodule
| [[6.2.0]]
| [[6.2.0]]
| April 5, 2017
| November 24, 2018
| [[User:hexkyz|hexkyz]]
|-
| Infoleak in nvservices system module
| The [[NV_services|nvservices]] ioctl [[NV_services#NVMAP_IOC_ALLOC|NVMAP_IOC_ALLOC]] takes an optional argument "addr" which allows the calling process to pass a pointer to user allocated memory for backing a nvmap object. If "addr" is left as 0, nvservices uses the transfer memory region (donated by the user during initialization) instead, when allocating memory for the nvmap object.
By design, freeing the nvmap object by calling the ioctl [[NV_services#NVMAP_IOC_FREE|NVMAP_IOC_FREE]] returns, in its "refcount" argument, the user address previously supplied if the reference count reaches 0.
However, prior to [[6.2.0]], the case where the transfer memory region is used to allocate the nvmap object was not taken into account, thus resulting in [[NV_services#NVMAP_IOC_FREE|NVMAP_IOC_FREE]] leaking back an address from within the transfer memory region mapped in nvservices' memory space.

In [[6.2.0]], [[NV_services#NVMAP_IOC_FREE|NVMAP_IOC_FREE]] no longer returns the address when the transfer memory region is used instead of user supplied memory.
| Combined with other vulnerabilities: Defeating ASLR in nvservices sysmodule.
| [[6.2.0]]
| [[6.2.0]]
| April 2017
| November 24, 2018
| Everyone
|-
|}

SVC

2019-01-29T18:43:30Z

TuxSH: /* CreateProcessInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano ||
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || [[#svcCreateInterruptEvent]] || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || [[#svcContinueDebugEvent]] || [1.0.0-2.3.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0+] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, X1=thread_id, X2=ThreadContext*, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=is_light, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000 (2MB).

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than or equal to 4GB.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

[1.0.0] This could be used to map into either the Alias Region or the Stack region.

[2.0.0+] This can only be used to map into the Stack region.

Code can get the range of the Alias region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3, and on 2.0.0+ the range of the Stack region via [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=14, 15 (on 1.0.0, the Stack region had hardcoded limits).

When mapped into the Alias region, the mapped memory will have state 0x482907.

When mapped into the Stack region, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || s64 || Nanoseconds
|-
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nanoseconds to 0, -1, or -2 indicates a yielding type.

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Value || Type
|-
| 0 || Yielding without core migration
|-
| -1 || Yielding with core migration
|-
| -2 || Yielding to any other thread
|-
|}
</div>

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40.

When zero handles are passed, this will wait forever until either timeout or cancellation occurs.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''KDebug:''' signals when there is a new [[#DebugEventInfo|DebugEvent]] (retrievable via [[#svcGetDebugEvent]]).

'''KClientPort:''' signals when the number of sessions is less than the maximum allowed.

'''KProcess:''' signals when the process undergoes a state change (retrievable via [[#svcGetProcessInfo]]).

'''KReadableEvent:''' signals when the event's corresponding KWritableEvent has been signaled via svcSignalEvent.

'''KServerPort:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''KServerSession:''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

'''KThread:''' signals when the thread has exited.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signaled before the timeout expired, or one of the objects is a Session with a closed remote. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signaled.

'''0x7601:''' Thread termination requested. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xe601:''' Invalid address. Returned when the handles pointer is not a readable address. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signaled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xec01:''' Interrupted. Returned when another thread uses [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] to cancel this thread. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xee01:''' Too many handles. Returned when the number of handles passed is > 0x40.

== svcCancelSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

If the referenced thread is currently in a synchronization call ([[#svcWaitSynchronization]], [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] or [[#svcReplyAndReceiveLight]]), that call will be interrupted and return 0xec01.
If that thread is not currently executing such a synchronization call, the next call to a synchronization call will return 0xec01.

This doesn't take force-pause (activity/debug pause) into account.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. The thread was either interrupted or has had its flag set.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. The handle given was either invalid or not a thread handle.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size and CmdPtr must be 0x1000-aligned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xcc01:''' CmdPtr is not 0x1000-aligned.

'''0xca01:''' Size is not 0x1000-aligned.

'''0xce01:''' KSessionRequest allocation failed (unlikely) or pointer buffer size exceeded.

'''0xe401:''' Handles does not exist, or handle is not an instance of KClientSession.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || AliasRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || AliasRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] StackRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] StackRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Process || 21 || 0 || [6.0.0+] TotalMemoryAvailableWithoutMmHeap
|-
| Process || 22 || 0 || [6.0.0+] TotalMemoryUsedWithoutMmHeap
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Scheduler related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

If ReplyTarget is zero, the TLS should contain a blank message. If this message has a C descriptor, the buffer it points to will be used as the pointer buffer. See [[IPC_Marshalling#IPC_buffers]]. Note that a pointer buffer cannot be specified if ReplyTarget is not zero.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcCreateInterruptEvent ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || IrqNum
|-
| (In) W2 || bool || Flags
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ReadableEvent> || ReadableEventHandle
|}
</div>

Create an event handle for the given IRQ number. Waiting on this handle will wait until the IRQ is triggered. The flags argument configures the triggering. If it is false, the IRQ is active HIGH level sensitive, if it is true it is rising-edge sensitive.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xF001:''' Flags was > 1

'''0xF201:''' IRQ above 0x3FF or outside the [[NPDM#Kernel_Access_Control|IRQ access mask]] was given.

'''0xCE01:''' A SlabHeap was exhausted (too many interrupts created).

'''0xF401:''' IRQ already has an event registered.

'''0xD201:''' The handle table is full. Try closing some handles.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcContinueDebugEvent ==

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. The process has been resumed.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid debug handle.

'''0xf401:''' Process has debug events queued.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u32* || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.
CapabilitiesPtr points to an array of [[NPDM#Kernel_Access_Control|kernel capabilities]].
CapabilitiesNum is a number of capabilities in the CapabilitiesPtr array (number of element, not number of bytes).

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xCA01:''' Attempted to map more code pages than available in address space.

'''0xCC01:''' Provided CodeAddr is invalid (make sure it's in range?)

'''0xE401:''' The resource handle passed is invalid.

'''0xE601:''' Attempt to copy procinfo from user-supplied pointer failed. Attempt to copy capabilities_num from user-supplied pointer failed.

'''0xE801:''' Attempted to create a 32-bit process with a 36-bit address space.

'''0xF001:''' Unused bits are set in mmuflags. Unknown address space type used.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0x0C || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| || || Bit11 || [7.0.0+] Not used? Only allowed in combination with bit6.
|-
| || || Bit12 || [7.0.0+] Not used?
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle or zero
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

On [5.0.0] (maybe lower?) a zero ResourceLimitHandle defaults to sysmodule limits and 0x12300000 bytes of memory.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_Alias || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_Stack || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
[1.0.0-2.3.0]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
[3.0.0+]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || DontCatchExceptions
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions
|}

IgnoreExceptionsOfOthers is like IgnoreException but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list. The affected threads are resumed.

Only one of of Resume and IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions can be set at a time.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError [not in 1.0.0]
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.

<nowiki>**</nowiki> Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* FAR doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this is one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occurring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, proceed to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creport attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || ExceptionFrameA64
|}

ExceptionFrameA64:

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x48 (8*9) || GPRs 0..8.
|-
| 0x48 || 0x8 || lr
|-
| 0x50 || 0x8 || sp
|-
| 0x58 || 0x8 || pc (elr_el1)
|-
| 0x60 || 0x4 || pstate & 0xFF0FFE20
|-
| 0x64 || 0x4 || afsr0
|-
| 0x68 || 0x4 || afsr1
|-
| 0x6C || 0x4 || esr
|-
| 0x70 || 0x8 || far
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x44 || ExceptionFrameA32
|}

ExceptionFrameA32:

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x20 (8*4) || GPRs 0..7.
|-
| 0x20 || 0x4 || sp
|-
| 0x24 || 0x4 || lr
|-
| 0x28 || 0x4 || pc (elr_el1)
|-
| 0x2C || 0x4 || tpidr_el0 = 1
|-
| 0x30 || 0x4 || cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20
|-
| 0x34 || 0x4 || afsr0
|-
| 0x38 || 0x4 || afsr1
|-
| 0x3C || 0x4 || esr
|-
| 0x40 || 0x4 || far
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

If an exception occurs from the above user handler, the entire exception handling process will repeat with the new exception.

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

Note that [[SMC|IsDebugMode]] is not used during exception-handling, except for enabling printing a message to UART-A. This UART code causes a system-hang on retail (likely due to a loop that doesn't exit). This printing doesn't seem to run when the process is attached for debugging?

SVC

2019-01-29T18:41:56Z

TuxSH: /* svcGetInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano ||
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || [[#svcCreateInterruptEvent]] || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || [[#svcContinueDebugEvent]] || [1.0.0-2.3.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0+] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, X1=thread_id, X2=ThreadContext*, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=is_light, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000 (2MB).

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than or equal to 4GB.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

[1.0.0] This could be used to map into either the Alias Region or the Stack region.

[2.0.0+] This can only be used to map into the Stack region.

Code can get the range of the Alias region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3, and on 2.0.0+ the range of the Stack region via [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=14, 15 (on 1.0.0, the Stack region had hardcoded limits).

When mapped into the Alias region, the mapped memory will have state 0x482907.

When mapped into the Stack region, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || s64 || Nanoseconds
|-
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nanoseconds to 0, -1, or -2 indicates a yielding type.

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Value || Type
|-
| 0 || Yielding without core migration
|-
| -1 || Yielding with core migration
|-
| -2 || Yielding to any other thread
|-
|}
</div>

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40.

When zero handles are passed, this will wait forever until either timeout or cancellation occurs.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''KDebug:''' signals when there is a new [[#DebugEventInfo|DebugEvent]] (retrievable via [[#svcGetDebugEvent]]).

'''KClientPort:''' signals when the number of sessions is less than the maximum allowed.

'''KProcess:''' signals when the process undergoes a state change (retrievable via [[#svcGetProcessInfo]]).

'''KReadableEvent:''' signals when the event's corresponding KWritableEvent has been signaled via svcSignalEvent.

'''KServerPort:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''KServerSession:''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

'''KThread:''' signals when the thread has exited.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signaled before the timeout expired, or one of the objects is a Session with a closed remote. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signaled.

'''0x7601:''' Thread termination requested. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xe601:''' Invalid address. Returned when the handles pointer is not a readable address. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signaled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xec01:''' Interrupted. Returned when another thread uses [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] to cancel this thread. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xee01:''' Too many handles. Returned when the number of handles passed is > 0x40.

== svcCancelSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

If the referenced thread is currently in a synchronization call ([[#svcWaitSynchronization]], [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] or [[#svcReplyAndReceiveLight]]), that call will be interrupted and return 0xec01.
If that thread is not currently executing such a synchronization call, the next call to a synchronization call will return 0xec01.

This doesn't take force-pause (activity/debug pause) into account.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. The thread was either interrupted or has had its flag set.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. The handle given was either invalid or not a thread handle.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size and CmdPtr must be 0x1000-aligned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xcc01:''' CmdPtr is not 0x1000-aligned.

'''0xca01:''' Size is not 0x1000-aligned.

'''0xce01:''' KSessionRequest allocation failed (unlikely) or pointer buffer size exceeded.

'''0xe401:''' Handles does not exist, or handle is not an instance of KClientSession.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || AliasRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || AliasRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] StackRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] StackRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Process || 21 || 0 || [6.0.0+] TotalMemoryAvailableWithoutMmHeap
|-
| Process || 22 || 0 || [6.0.0+] TotalMemoryUsedWithoutMmHeap
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Scheduler related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

If ReplyTarget is zero, the TLS should contain a blank message. If this message has a C descriptor, the buffer it points to will be used as the pointer buffer. See [[IPC_Marshalling#IPC_buffers]]. Note that a pointer buffer cannot be specified if ReplyTarget is not zero.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcCreateInterruptEvent ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || IrqNum
|-
| (In) W2 || bool || Flags
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ReadableEvent> || ReadableEventHandle
|}
</div>

Create an event handle for the given IRQ number. Waiting on this handle will wait until the IRQ is triggered. The flags argument configures the triggering. If it is false, the IRQ is active HIGH level sensitive, if it is true it is rising-edge sensitive.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xF001:''' Flags was > 1

'''0xF201:''' IRQ above 0x3FF or outside the [[NPDM#Kernel_Access_Control|IRQ access mask]] was given.

'''0xCE01:''' A SlabHeap was exhausted (too many interrupts created).

'''0xF401:''' IRQ already has an event registered.

'''0xD201:''' The handle table is full. Try closing some handles.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcContinueDebugEvent ==

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. The process has been resumed.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid debug handle.

'''0xf401:''' Process has debug events queued.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u32* || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.
CapabilitiesPtr points to an array of [[NPDM#Kernel_Access_Control|kernel capabilities]].
CapabilitiesNum is a number of capabilities in the CapabilitiesPtr array (number of element, not number of bytes).

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success.

'''0xCA01:''' Attempted to map more code pages than available in address space.

'''0xCC01:''' Provided CodeAddr is invalid (make sure it's in range?)

'''0xE401:''' The resource handle passed is invalid.

'''0xE601:''' Attempt to copy procinfo from user-supplied pointer failed. Attempt to copy capabilities_num from user-supplied pointer failed.

'''0xE801:''' Attempted to create a 32-bit process with a 36-bit address space.

'''0xF001:''' Unused bits are set in mmuflags. Unknown address space type used.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0x0C || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| || || Bit11 || [7.0.0+] Not used? Only allowed in combination with bit6.
|-
| || || Bit12 || [7.0.0+] Not used?
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle or zero
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

On [6.0.0] (maybe lower?) a zero ResourceLimitHandle defaults to sysmodule limits and 0x12300000 bytes of memory.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_Alias || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_Stack || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
[1.0.0-2.3.0]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
[3.0.0+]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || DontCatchExceptions
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions
|}

IgnoreExceptionsOfOthers is like IgnoreException but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list. The affected threads are resumed.

Only one of of Resume and IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions can be set at a time.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError [not in 1.0.0]
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.

<nowiki>**</nowiki> Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* FAR doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this is one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occurring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, proceed to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creport attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || ExceptionFrameA64
|}

ExceptionFrameA64:

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x48 (8*9) || GPRs 0..8.
|-
| 0x48 || 0x8 || lr
|-
| 0x50 || 0x8 || sp
|-
| 0x58 || 0x8 || pc (elr_el1)
|-
| 0x60 || 0x4 || pstate & 0xFF0FFE20
|-
| 0x64 || 0x4 || afsr0
|-
| 0x68 || 0x4 || afsr1
|-
| 0x6C || 0x4 || esr
|-
| 0x70 || 0x8 || far
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x44 || ExceptionFrameA32
|}

ExceptionFrameA32:

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x20 (8*4) || GPRs 0..7.
|-
| 0x20 || 0x4 || sp
|-
| 0x24 || 0x4 || lr
|-
| 0x28 || 0x4 || pc (elr_el1)
|-
| 0x2C || 0x4 || tpidr_el0 = 1
|-
| 0x30 || 0x4 || cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20
|-
| 0x34 || 0x4 || afsr0
|-
| 0x38 || 0x4 || afsr1
|-
| 0x3C || 0x4 || esr
|-
| 0x40 || 0x4 || far
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

If an exception occurs from the above user handler, the entire exception handling process will repeat with the new exception.

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

Note that [[SMC|IsDebugMode]] is not used during exception-handling, except for enabling printing a message to UART-A. This UART code causes a system-hang on retail (likely due to a loop that doesn't exit). This printing doesn't seem to run when the process is attached for debugging?

Error codes

2018-11-12T22:20:43Z

TuxSH: /* Error codes */

= Structure =
These have been redesigned from the 3DS so that they fit within a Aarch64 MOV instruction immediate most of the time (without requiring the additional MOVK).

{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Field
|-
| 8-0 || Module
|-
| 21-9 || Description
|}

When a fatal-error is received the error code is outputted using the following formatter:
%04d-%04d

.. where the first code is <code>2000 + Module</code>, and the other being <code>Description</code>. Bits >=22 from the error-code are unused when displaying fatal-errors, since the Description ends with bit21.

= Modules =
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 1 || Kernel
|-
| 2 || FS
|-
| 3 || OS (Memory, Thread, Mutex, NVIDIA)
|-
| 4 || HTCS
|-
| 5 || NCM
|-
| 6 || DD
|-
| 7 || Debug Monitor
|-
| 8 || LR
|-
| 9 || Loader
|-
| 10 || CMIF (IPC command interface)
|-
| 11 || HIPC (IPC)
|-
| 15 || PM
|-
| 16 || NS
|-
| 17 || Sockets
|-
| 18 || HTC
|-
| 20 || NCM Content
|-
| 21 || SM
|-
| 22 || RO userland
|-
| 24 || SDMMC
|-
| 25 || OVLN
|-
| 26 || SPL
|-
| 100 || ETHC
|-
| 101 || I2C
|-
| 102 || GPIO
|-
| 103 || UART
|-
| 105 || Settings
|-
| 107 || WLAN
|-
| 108 || XCD
|-
| 110 || NIFM
|-
| 111 || Hwopus
|-
| 113 || Bluetooth
|-
| 114 || VI
|-
| 115 || NFP
|-
| 116 || Time
|-
| 117 || FGM
|-
| 118 || OE
|-
| 120 || PCIe
|-
| 121 || Friends
|-
| 122 || BCAT
|-
| 123 || SSL
|-
| 124 || Account
|-
| 125 || News
|-
| 126 || Mii
|-
| 127 || NFC
|-
| 128 || AM
|-
| 129 || Play Report
|-
| 130 || AHID
|-
| 132 || Home Menu (Qlaunch)
|-
| 133 || PCV
|-
| 134 || OMM
|-
| 135 || BPC
|-
| 136 || PSM
|-
| 137 || NIM
|-
| 138 || PSC
|-
| 139 || TC
|-
| 140 || USB
|-
| 141 || NSD
|-
| 142 || PCTL
|-
| 143 || BTM
|-
| 144 || EC (Shop)
|-
| 145 || ETicket
|-
| 146 || NGC (Bad Words)
|-
| 147 || Error Report
|-
| 148 || APM
|-
| 150 || Profiler
|-
| 151 || Error Upload
|-
| 153 || Audio
|-
| 154 || NPNS
|-
| 155 || NPNS HTTP Stream
|-
| 157 || ARP
|-
| 158 || SWKBD
|-
| 159 || Boot
|-
| 161 || NFC Mifare
|-
| 162 || Userland assert
|-
| 163 || Fatal
|-
| 164 || NIM Shop
|-
| 165 || SPSM
|-
| 167 || BGTC
|-
| 168 || Userland crash
|-
| 179 || OLSC
|-
| 180 || SREPO
|-
| 181 || Dauth
|-
| 202 || HID
|-
| 203 || LDN
|-
| 205 || Irsensor
|-
| 206 || Capture
|-
| 208 || Manu
|-
| 209 || ATK
|-
| 210 || Web
|-
| 211 ||
|-
| 212 || GRC
|-
| 216 || Migration
|-
| 217 || Migration Idc Server
|-
| 345 || libnx
|-
| 346 || [[Homebrew ABI]]
|-
| 347 || Homebrew Loader
|-
| 348 || libnx Nvidia errors
|-
|}

= Error codes =
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Module || Description || Notes
|-
| 0x0E01 || 1 || 7 || Session count exceeded
|-
| 0x1C01 || 1 || 14 || Invalid kernel capability descriptor
|-
| 0x4201 || 1 || 33 || Not Implemented
|-
| 0x7601 || 1 || 59 || Thread terminated/termination requested
|-
| 0x8C01 || 1 || 70 || No more debug events
|-
| 0xCA01 || 1 || 101 || Invalid size
|-
| 0xCC01 || 1 || 102 || Invalid address
|-
| 0xCE01 || 1 || 103 || Resource exhaustion
|-
| 0xD001 || 1 || 104 || Memory exhaustion
|-
| 0xD201 || 1 || 105 || Handle-table exhaustion
|-
| 0xD401 || 1 || 106 || Invalid memory state / invalid memory permissions.
|-
| 0xD801 || 1 || 108 || Invalid memory permissions.
|-
| 0xDC01 || 1 || 110 || Invalid memory range
|-
| 0xE001 || 1 || 112 || Invalid thread priority.
|-
| 0xE201 || 1 || 113 || Invalid processor id.
|-
| 0xE401 || 1 || 114 || Invalid handle.
|-
| 0xE601 || 1 || 115 || Invalid pointer/Syscall copy from user failed.
|-
| 0xE801 || 1 || 116 || Invalid combination
|-
| 0xEA01 || 1 || 117 || Time out. Also when you give 0 handles to svcWaitSynchronizationN.
|-
| 0xEC01 || 1 || 118 || Canceled/interrupted [?]
|-
| 0xEE01 || 1 || 119 || Out of range
|-
| 0xF001 || 1 || 120 || Invalid enum
|-
| 0xF201 || 1 || 121 || No such entry
|-
| 0xF401 || 1 || 122 || Irq/DeviceAddressSpace/{...} already registered
|-
| 0xF601 || 1 || 123 || Port remote dead
|-
| 0xF801 || 1 || 124 || [Usermode] Unhandled interrupt/exception
|-
| 0xFA01 || 1 || 125 || Process already started/Wrong memory permission?
|-
| 0xFC01 || 1 || 126 || Reserved value
|-
| 0xFE01 || 1 || 127 || Invalid hardware breakpoint
|-
| 0x10001 || 1 || 128 || [Usermode] Fatal exception
|-
| 0x10201 || 1 || 129 || Last thread didn't belong to your process
|-
| 0x10601 || 1 || 131 || Port closed
|-
| 0x10801 || 1 || 132 || Resource limit exceeded
|-
| 0x20801 || 1 || 260 || Command buffer too small
|-
| 0x40a01 || 1 || 517 || No such process
|-
| 0x41001 || 1 || 520 || Process not being debugged
|-
| 0x202 || 2 || 1 || Path does not exist.
|-
| 0x402 || 2 || 2 || Path already exists.
|-
| 0xE02 || 2 || 7 || Savedata [[Filesystem_services|already]] mounted
|-
| 0x4602 || 2 || 35 || Not enough free space for BIS Calibration partition.
|-
| 0x4802 || 2 || 36 || Not enough free space for BIS Safe partition.
|-
| 0x4A02 || 2 || 37 || Not enough free space for BIS User partition.
|-
| 0x4C02 || 2 || 38 || Not enough free space for BIS System partition.
|-
| 0x4E02 || 2 || 39 || Not enough free space on SD card.
|-
| 0x7802 || 2 || 60 || The specified [[NCA]]-type doesn't exist for this title.
|-
| 0x7D202 || 2 || 1001 || Process does not have RomFs
|-
| 0x7D402 || 2 || 1002 || Title-id not found / savedata not found.
|-
| 0xFA202 || 2 || 2001 || SD card not inserted
|-
| 0x13B002 || 2 || 2520 || Gamecard not inserted
|-
| 0x13DA02 || 2 || 2541 || Version check failed when mounting gamecard sysupdate partition?
|-
| 0x171402 || 2 || 2954 || Invalid gamecard handle.
|-
| 0x177202 || 2 || 3001 || Unimplemented behavior
|-
| 0x177602 || 2 || 3003 || File/Directory already exists.
|-
| 0x190202 || 2 || 3201 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x190602 || 2 || 3203 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x190802 || 2 || 3204 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x190A02 || 2 || 3205 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x190C02 || 2 || 3206 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x191002 || 2 || 3208 || Memory allocation failure related to FAT filesystem code
|-
| 0x195802 || 2 || 3244 || Allocation failure related to SD cards
|-
| 0x196002 || 2 || 3248 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x196202 || 2 || 3249 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x1A3E02 || 2 || 3359 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x1A4002 || 2 || 3360 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x1A4A02 || 2 || 3365 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x21BC02 || 2 || 4318 || Invalid save data filesystem magic (valid magic is SAVE in ASCII)
|-
| 0x235202 || 2 || 4521 || Invalid NCA Key index
|-
| 0x235E02 || 2 || 4527 || NCA-path used with the wrong titleID.
|-
| 0x249802 || 2 || 4684 || Invalid FAT file number.
|-
| 0x249C02 || 2 || 4686 || Invalid FAT format for BIS User partition.
|-
| 0x249E02 || 2 || 4687 || Invalid FAT format for BIS System partition.
|-
| 0x24A002 || 2 || 4688 || Invalid FAT format for BIS Safe partition.
|-
| 0x24A202 || 2 || 4689 || Invalid FAT format for BIS Calibration partition.
|-
| 0x250E02 || 2 || 4743 || [[NAX0|Corrupted]] NAX0 header.
|-
| 0x251002 || 2 || 4744 || Invalid [[NAX0]] magicnum.
|-
| 0x280202 || 2 || 5121 || Invalid FAT size
|-
| 0x280402 || 2 || 5122 || Invalid FAT BPB (BIOS Parameter Block)
|-
| 0x280602 || 2 || 5123 || Invalid FAT parameter
|-
| 0x280802 || 2 || 5124 || Invalid FAT sector
|-
| 0x280A02 || 2 || 5125 || Invalid FAT sector
|-
| 0x280C02 || 2 || 5126 || Invalid FAT sector
|-
| 0x280E02 || 2 || 5127 || Invalid FAT sector
|-
| 0x296A02 || 2 || 5301 || Mountpoint not found
|-
| 0x2EE202 || 2 || 6001 || Invalid input
|-
| 0x2EE602 || 2 || 6003 || Path too long
|-
| 0x2EE802 || 2 || 6004 || Invalid character.
|-
| 0x2EEA02 || 2 || 6005 || Invalid directory path.
|-
| 0x2EEC02 || 2 || 6006 || Unable to retrieve directory from path
|-
| 0x2F5A02 || 2 || 6061 || Offset outside storage
|-
| 0x313802 || 2 || 6300 || Operation not supported
|-
| 0x320002 || 2 || 6400 || Permission denied
|-
| 0x326602 || 2 || 6451 || Missing titlekey(?) required to mount content
|-
| 0x326E02 || 2 || 6455 || File not closed
|-
| 0x327002 || 2 || 6456 || Directory not closed
|-
| 0x327402 || 2 || 6458 || FS allocators already registered
|-
| 0x327602 || 2 || 6459 || FS allocators already used
|-
| 0x339402 || 2 || 6602 || File not found.
|-
| 0x339602 || 2 || 6603 || Directory not found.
|-
| 0x803 || 3 || 4 || OS busy
|-
| 0xE03 || 3 || 7 || Invalid parameter
|-
| 0x1003 || 3 || 8 || Out of memory
|-
| 0x1203 || 3 || 9 || Out of resources
|-
| 0x3EA03 || 3 || 501 || Invalid handle
|-
| 0x3EE03 || 3 || 503 || Invalid memory mirror
|-
| 0x7FE03 || 3 || 1023 || TLS slot is not allocated
|-
| 0xA05 || 5 || 5 || [[Content_Manager_services|NcaID]] not found. Returned when attempting to mount titles which exist that aren't *8XX titles, the same way *8XX titles are mounted.
|-
| 0xE05 || 5 || 7 || TitleId not found
|-
| 0x1805 || 5 || 12 || Invalid StorageId
|-
| 0xDC05 || 5 || 110 || Gamecard not inserted
|-
| 0x17C05 || 5 || 190 || Gamecard not initialized
|-
| 0x1F405 || 5 || 250 || Sdcard not inserted
|-
| 0x20805 || 5 || 260 || Storage not mounted
|-
| 0x806 || 6 || 4 || Converted from error 0xD401
|-
| 0x1006 || 6 || 8 || Converted from error 0xE401
|-
| 0x408 || 8 || 2 || Program location entry not found
|-
| 0x608 || 8 || 3 || Invalid context for control location
|-
| 0x808 || 8 || 4 || Storage not found
|-
| 0xA08 || 8 || 5 || Access denied
|-
| 0xC08 || 8 || 6 || Offline manual HTML location entry not found
|-
| 0xE08 || 8 || 7 || Title is not registered
|-
| 0x1008 || 8 || 8 || Control location entry for host not found
|-
| 0x1208 || 8 || 9 || Legal info HTML location entry not found
|-
| 0x209 || 9 || 1 || Args too long.
|-
| 0x409 || 9 || 2 || Maximum processes loaded.
|-
| 0x609 || 9 || 3 || NPDM too big.
|-
| 0x19009 || 9 || 200 || Invalid access control sizes in NPDM.
|-
| 0x809 || 9 || 4 || Invalid NPDM.
|-
| 0xA09 || 9 || 5 || Invalid files.
|-
| 0xE09 || 9 || 7 || Already registered.
|-
| 0x1009 || 9 || 8 || Title not found.
|-
| 0x1209 || 9 || 9 || Title-id in ACI0 doesn't match range in ACID.
|-
| 0x6609 || 9 || 51 || Invalid memory state/permission
|-
| 0x6A09 || 9 || 53 || Invalid NRR
|-
| 0xA209 || 9 || 81 || Unaligned NRR address
|-
| 0xA409 || 9 || 82 || Bad NRR size
|-
| 0xAA09 || 9 || 85 || Bad NRR address
|-
| 0xAE09 || 9 || 87 || Bad initialization
|-
| 0xC809 || 9 || 100 || Unknown ACI0 descriptor
|-
| 0xCE09 || 9 || 103 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "KernelFlags"
|-
| 0xD009 || 9 || 104 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "SyscallMask"
|-
| 0xD409 || 9 || 106 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "MapIoOrNormalRange"
|-
| 0xD609 || 9 || 107 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "MapNormalPage"
|-
| 0xDE09 || 9 || 111 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "InterruptPair"
|-
| 0xE209 || 9 || 113 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "ApplicationType"
|-
| 0xE409 || 9 || 114 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "KernelReleaseVersion"
|-
| 0xE609 || 9 || 115 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "HandleTableSize"
|-
| 0xE809 || 9 || 116 || ACID/ACI0 don't match for descriptor "DebugFlags"
|-
| 0x1940A || 10 || 202 || Invalid CMIF header size.
|-
| 0x1A60A || 10 || 211 || Invalid CMIF input header.
|-
| 0x1A80A || 10 || 212 || Invalid CMIF output header.
|-
| 0x1BA0A || 10 || 221 || Invalid method dispatch ID.
|-
| 0x1D60A || 10 || 235 || Invalid in object count.
|-
| 0x1D80A || 10 || 236 || Invalid out object count.
|-
| 0x25A0A || 10 || 301 || Out of domain entries.
|-
| 0x20B || 11 || 1 || Unsupported operation
|-
| 0xCC0B || 11 || 102 || Out of server session memory
|-
| 0x11A0B || 11 || 141 || Went past maximum during marshalling.
|-
| 0x1900B || 11 || 200 || Session doesn't support domains.
|-
| 0x25A0B || 11 || 301 || Remote process is dead.
|-
| 0x3260B || 11 || 403 || Unknown request type
|-
| 0x3D60B || 11 || 491 || IPC Query 1 failed.
|-
| 0x20F || 15 || 1 || Pid not found
|-
| 0x60F || 15 || 3 || Process has no pending events
|-
| 0xA0F || 15 || 5 || Application already running
|-
| 0x410 || 16 || 2 || Title-id not found
|-
| 0xF010 || 16 || 120 || Gamecard sysupdate not required
|-
| 0x1F610 || 16 || 251 || Unexpected StorageId
|-
| 0x215 || 21 || 1 || Out of processes
|-
| 0x415 || 21 || 2 || Not initialized.
|-
| 0x615 || 21 || 3 || Max sessions
|-
| 0x815 || 21 || 4 || Service already registered
|-
| 0xA15 || 21 || 5 || Out of services
|-
| 0xC15 || 21 || 6 || Invalid name (all zeroes)
|-
| 0xE15 || 21 || 7 || Service not registered
|-
| 0x1015 || 21 || 8 || Permission denied
|-
| 0x1215 || 21 || 9 || Service Access Control too big.
|-
| 0x416 || 22 || 2 || Address space is full
|-
| 0x616 || 22 || 3 || NRO already loaded
|-
| 0x816 || 22 || 4 || Invalid NRO header values
|-
| 0xC16 || 22 || 6 || Bad NRR magic
|-
| 0x1016 || 22 || 8 || Reached max NRR count
|-
| 0x1216 || 22 || 9 || Unable to verify NRO hash or NRR signature
|-
| 0x80216 || 22 || 1025 || Address not page-aligned
|-
| 0x80416 || 22 || 1026 || Incorrect NRO size
|-
| 0x80816 || 22 || 1028 || NRO not loaded
|-
| 0x80A16 || 22 || 1029 || NRR not loaded
|-
| 0x80C16 || 22 || 1030 || Already initialized
|-
| 0x80E16 || 22 || 1031 || Not initialized
|-
| 0x41A || 26 || 2 || Argument is invalid
|-
| 0xC81A || 26 || 100 || Incorrect buffer size
|-
| 0xCA1A || 26 || 101 || Unknown TZ error
|-
| 0xD01A || 26 || 104 || All AES engines busy
|-
| 0xD21A || 26 || 105 || Invalid AES engine-id
|-
| 0x19669 || 105 || 203 || Setting value cannot be NULL
|-
| 0x1BA69 || 105 || 221 || Setting group name has zero length
|-
| 0x1E269 || 105 || 241 || Setting group name is too long (64 character limit?)
|-
| 0x1E469 || 105 || 242 || Setting name is too long (64 character limit?)
|-
| 0x20A69 || 105 || 261 || Setting group name ends with '.' or contains invalid characters (allowed: [a-z0-9_\-.])
|-
| 0x20C69 || 105 || 262 || Setting name ends with '.' or contains invalid characters (allowed: [a-z0-9_\-.])
|-
| 0x272 || 114 || 1 || Generic error
|-
| 0xCC74 || 116 || 102 || Time not set
|-
| 0x287C || 124 || 20 || Argument is NULL
|-
| 0x2C7C || 124 || 22 || Argument is invalid
|-
| 0x3C7C || 124 || 30 || Bad input buffer size
|-
| 0x407C || 124 || 32 || Invalid input buffer
|-
| 0x4680 || 128 || 35 || Error while launching applet.
|-
| 0x4A80 || 128 || 37 || Title-ID not found. Caused by code 0x410 when applet launch fails
|-
| 0x3EC80 || 128 || 502 || must close IStorageAccessor before pushing IStorage
|-
| 0x59080 || 128 || 712 || Thread stack pool exhausted (out of memory)
|-
| 0x7A880 || 128 || 980 || <code>am.debug!dev_function</code> setting needs to be set
|-
| 0xA83 || 131 || 5 || Unrecognized applet ID
|-
| 0x3CF089 || 137 || 7800 || Unknown/invalid libcurl error.
|-
| 0x3E8289-0x3F4089 || 137 || 8001-8096 || libcurl error 1-96. Some of the libcurl errors in the error-table map to the above unknown-libcurl-error however.
|-
| 0x68A || 138 || 3 || Not initialized.
|-
| 0x668C || 140 || 51 || USB data-transfer in progress
|-
| 0xD48C || 140 || 106 || Invalid descriptor
|-
| 0x1928C || 140 || 201 || USB device not bound / interface already enabled
|-
| 0x299 || 153 || 1 || Invalid audio device
|-
| 0x499 || 153 || 2 || Operation couldn't complete successfully
|-
| 0x699 || 153 || 3 || Invalid sample rate
|-
| 0x899 || 153 || 4 || Buffer size too small
|-
| 0x1099 || 153 || 8 || Too many buffers are still unreleased
|-
| 0x1499 || 153 || 10 || Invalid channel count
|-
| 0xC0099 || 153 || 1536 || Invalid handle
|-
| 0xC0899 || 153 || 1540 || Audio output was already started
|-
| 0x3C9D || 157 || 30 || Address is NULL
|-
| 0x3E9D || 157 || 31 || PID is NULL
|-
| 0x549D || 157 || 42 || Already bound
|-
| 0xCC9D || 157 || 102 || Invalid PID
|-
| 0xAA3 || 163 || 5 || System is booting up repair process without VOL+ held down.
|-
| 0xCA3 || 163 || 6 || System is booting up repair process that requires RepairTimeReviser but does not have special cartridge inserted.
|-
| 0xF0CD || 205 || 120 || IR image data not available/ready.
|-
| 0x35B || 347 || 1 || Failed to init SM.
|-
| 0x55B || 347 || 2 || Failed to init FS.
|-
| 0x75B || 347 || 3 || Failed to to open NRO file. May also happen when SD card isn't inserted / SD mounting failed earlier.
|-
| 0x95B || 347 || 4 || Failed to read NRO header.
|-
| 0xB5B || 347 || 5 || Invalid NRO magic.
|-
| 0xD5B || 347 || 6 || Invalid NRO segments.
|-
| 0xF5B || 347 || 7 || Failed to read NRO.
|-
| 0x135B || 347 || 9 || Failed to allocate heap.
|-
| 0x255B || 347 || 18 || Failed to map code-binary memory.
|-
| 0x275B || 347 || 19 || Failed to map code memory (.text).
|-
| 0x295B || 347 || 20 || Failed to map code memory (.rodata).
|-
| 0x2B5B || 347 || 21 || Failed to map code memory (.data+.bss).
|-
| 0x315B || 347 || 24 || Failed to unmap code memory (.text).
|-
| 0x335B || 347 || 25 || Failed to unmap code memory (.rodata).
|-
| 0x355B || 347 || 26 || Failed to unmap code memory (.data+.bss).
|}

== FS Error Codes ==
The following are the error codes recognized by nn::fs::detail::LogErrorMessage found in some [[Factory Setup|factory]] titles:

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Description || Message
|-
| 0x7802 || 60 || Error: Specified mount name already exists.
|-
| 0xD401 || 106 || Error: Passed buffer is not usable for fs library.
|-
| 0x7D202 || 1001 || Error: Specified partition is not found.
|-
| 0x7D402 || 1002 || Error: Specified target is not found.
|-
| 0xFA002 - 0x138602 || 2000 - 2499 || Error: Failed to access SD card.
|-
| 0x136802 - 0x176E02 || 2500 - 2999 || Error: Failed to access game card.
|-
| 0x177202 || 3001 || Error: Specified operation is not implemented.
|-
| 0x177A02 || 3005 || Error: Specified value is out of range.
|-
| 0x1B5802 - 0x1F3E02 || 3500 - 3999 || Error: Failed to access MMC.
|-
| 0x1F4202 - 0x219602 || 4001 - 4299 || Error: ROM is corrupted.
|-
| 0x219A02 - 0x232602 || 4301 - 4499 || Error: Save data is corrupted.
|-
| 0x232A02 - 0x23EE02 || 4501 - 4599 || Error: NCA is corrupted.
|-
| 0x23F202 - 0x243E02 || 4601 - 4639 || Error: Integrity verification failed.
|-
| 0x244202 - 0x246602 || 4641 - 4659 || Error: Partition FS is corrupted.
|-
| 0x246A02 - 0x248E02 || 4661 - 4679 || Error: Built-in-storage is corrupted.
|-
| 0x249202 - 0x24B602 || 4681 - 4699 || Error: FAT FS is corrupted.
|-
| 0x24BA02 - 0x24DE02 || 4701 - 4719 || Error: HOST FS is corrupted.
|-
| 0x1F4002 - 0x270E02 || 4000, 4300, 4500, 4600, 4640, 4660, 4680, 4700, 4720-4999 || Error: Data is corrupted.
|-
| 0x271002 - 0x2EDE02 || 5000-5999 || Error: Unexpected failure occurred.
|-
| 0x2EE402 - 0x2F1A02 || 6002-6029 || Error: Invalid path was specified.
|-
| 0x2F5A02 || 6061 || Error: Invalid offset was specified.
|-
| 0x2F5C02 || 6062 || Error: Invalid size was specified.
|-
| 0x2F5E02 || 6063 || Error: Null pointer argument was specified.
|-
| 0x2EE002 || 6000 || Error: Precondition violation.
|-
| 0x2EE202 - 0x306E02 || 6001-6199 || Error: Invalid argument was specified.
|-
| 0x307202 || 6201 || Error: OpenMode_AllowAppend is required for implicit extension of file size by WriteFile().
|-
| 0x307002 - 0x313602 || 6200, 6202 - 6299 || Error: Invalid operation for the open mode.
|-
| 0x313802 - 0x31FE02 || 6300-6399 || Error: Unsupported operation.
|-
| 0x320002 - 0x32C602 || 6400-6499 || Error: Permission denied.
|-
| 0x346402 || 6706 || Error: Enough journal space is not left.
|-
| 0x346A02 || 6709 || Error: The open count of files and directories reached the limitation.
|}

= Fatal Errors =
{| class=wikitable
! Error || Description
|-
| 2162-0002
| Can be triggered by running [[SVC|svcBreak]]. The svcBreak params have no affect on the value of the thrown error-code.
|-
| 2168-0000
| Userland ARM undefined instruction exception
|-
| 2168-0001
| Userland ARM prefetch-abort due to PC set to non-executable region
|-
| 2168-0002
| Userland ARM data abort. Also caused by abnormal process termination via [[SVC|svcExitProcess]]. Note: directly jumping to nnMain()-retaddr from non-main-thread has the same result.
|-
| 2168-0003
| Userland PC address not aligned to 4 bytes
|-
| 2168-0008
| Can occur when attempting to call an svc outside the whitelist
|}

= Support Errors =
This section is for Support Errors displayed by the error-applet, separate from the normal Result errors.

== Support Modules ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 800 || [[Internet_Browser|General web-applet]]
|-
| 809 || [[Internet_Browser|WifiWebAuthApplet]]
|-
| 810 || [[Internet_Browser|Whitelisted-applet]]
|-
| 811 || [[Internet_Browser|ShopN]]
|}

8XX is for/includes system applets.

== Errors ==
{| class=wikitable
! Error || Module || Description || Notes
|-
|
| {web-applets listed above}
| 2750
| MP4 parsing failed.
|}

Normal error-codes displayed by the system also use the same format as fatal-errors.

SVC

2018-09-24T10:22:59Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [1.0.0-2.3.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0+] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000 (2MB).

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than or equal to 4GB.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xec01:''' Interrupted. Returns when another thread uses [[#svcCancelSynchronization]] to cancel this thread.

== svcCancelSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

If the referenced thread is currently in a synchronization call ([[#svcWaitSynchronization]], [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] or [[#svcReplyAndReceiveLight]]), that call will be interrupted and return 0xec01.
If that thread is not currently executing such a synchronization call, the next call to a synchronization call will return 0xec01.

This doesn't take force-pause (activity/debug pause) into account.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. The thread was either interrupted or has had its flag set.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. The handle given was either invalid or not a thread handle.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
[1.0.0-2.3.0]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
[3.0.0+]

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || DontCatchExceptions
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions
|}

IgnoreExceptionsOfOthers is like IgnoreException but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list. The affected threads are resumed.

Only one of of Resume and IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions can be set at a time.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError [not in 1.0.0]
|}

* Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.
** Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

6.0.0

2018-09-19T03:59:54Z

TuxSH: Kernel

The Switch 6.0.0 system update was released on September 18, 2018. This Switch update was released for the following regions: ALL.

Security flaws fixed: <fill this in manually later, see the updatedetails page from the ninupdates-report page(s) once available for now>.

==Change-log==
[https://en-americas-support.nintendo.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/22525/p/897 Official] ALL change-log:
* Nintendo Switch Online* features and functionality have been added, including:
* Save Data Cloud Backup
*
* User your internet connection to back up game save data for compatible games
* Some games are not compatible with Save Data Cloud
* To back up save data or download a previous backup, head to System Settings > Data Management > Save Data Cloud Backup
*
* *Nintendo Switch Online membership (sold separately) and Nintendo Account required for online play. Not available in all countries. Internet access required for online features. Save Data Cloud backup available in compatible games. Terms apply. To learn more, click here.
*
* Added the following system functionality
* Upload up to four Album screenshots at once on supported social network services
*
* Only one captured video can be uploaded at once
*
*
* Select from six new Captain Toad icons for your user
*
* To edit your user icon, head to your My Page on the top left of the Home Menu > Profile
*
*
* Play your digital software and content on non-primary consoles by linking your Nintendo Account
*
* The term "active console" has been renamed "primary console" in Nintendo eShops
* Playing software in multiple consoles has certain restrictions
*
*
* Display of Nintendo Switch News articles will be limited to match the restricted software parental controls setting selections
*
* Please note that the restriction will only apply to News articles distributed after the release of version 6.0.0.
*
*
* Change the layout of the USB keyboard to the desired language
*
* To change the language, head to the System Settings > System > USB Keyboard
*
*
* Removed the following system functionality
* After installing the system update, it will no longer be possible to unlink your Nintendo Account from your Nintendo Switch user
* General system stability improvements to enhance the user's experience, including:
* Compatibility improvements have been made for a controller licensed by Nintendo

==System Titles==
* All sysmodules were updated.
* Most 8XX titles were updated.
* All applets except "error" and "cabinet" were updated.
* 1 new title was added: olsc-sysmodule.
* New services were added, see [[Services_API|here]].

===[[USB_services|USB-sysmodule]]===
The only sysmodule with any changes for accessible IO in the [[NPDM]] was USB-sysmodule. The IO page for the [[Fuses|fuse registers]] is now accessible by this sysmodule.

===olsc-sysmodule===
This new sysmodule handles cloud saves.

===FIRM===

====Kernel====
* Accidentially exported symbols have been renamed:
** Namespace <code>nn::kern::ARM64</code> is now <code>nn::kern::arch::ARM64</code>
** Namespace <code>nn::kern::NX</code> is now <code>nn::kern::board::NX</code> and now contains the class <code>KSystemControl</code>
** <code>ResumeEntry</code> is now a non-static method of <code>KSystemControl</code>
* Kernel now reserves 1024 pages (1MB) of memory in SYSTEM memregion/pool for use by applets (1 at a time) for personal mmheap.
* Memory regions arrange changed, APPLET has 6MB less in all memory arranges.
* Maximum number of sessions and events both increased by 100.
* Kernel mmheap size decreased to 0x10DF000 bytes (was 0x1117000), the both KMemoryBlock pools' capacity is unchanged, but less page tables can be allocated.
* Kernel now properly reports DRAM size in default reslimit.
* Two new svcGetInfoTypes: types 21 and 22. These are like type 6 and 7, but without the contiguous, in-security-carveout, personalmmheap allocation.
* KASLR was changed to invoke smcGetRandomBytes(8) each time, instead of using Mersenne Twister.
* Another layer of randomization has been added to slabheaps (before, it was just the order of slabheaps): an array of N (= 21 = number of slabheaps) random integers, in range (0, 0x200000) is now constructed, sorted via bubble sort; at each slabheap construction the heap offset is further incremented by <code>array[id+1]-array[id]</code> , then page rounded.
* With the exception of KSessionRequest which is not in any KObjectAllocator, all KAutoObject types now use an intrusive rbtree instead of an intrusive list for their KObjectAllocator membership. Comparison key is PID for processes, thread ID for threads, address for others (using a new virtual method).
* A new anonymous KAutoObject type, which sole purpose is to hold a comparison key, is now used for thread lookup by ID.
* Breaking changes in svcGetFutureThreadInfo, which has potentially been renamed. Signature and use case have radically changed, it is now: <code>Result svcGetFutureThreadInfo(ThreadInfo *outThreadInfo, u64 *outTid, Handle debugHandle, s64 timeout)</code>.
* Huge scheduler force-pause and last thread reporting refactor:
** Scheduling flags are now u16 and force-pause flags are 3-nibble-long instead of 1.
** The requirements and mechanism for force-pausing (activity svc, debug, etc.) threads have been considerably simplified:
*** It used to delay the force-pause after end-of-svc, and used some convoluted mechanism.
*** The condition is now "a thread is force-pausable iff no thread is waiting for a kernel mutex it is holding", mechanism is just ORRing scheduling status with force-pause flags now. Appropriate changes have been made to accomodate for this change.
*** Abovementionned convoluted mechanism has been refactored, too, but remains unused.
** When the scheduler selects a process's thread, it now stored the selected thread in an array in the KProcess, for information. It also stores in itself and in array in the selected KProcess the number of times it detected a core being idle before load balancing. Used by BreakDebugProcess.<br />

* All threads created and started in kernel main() are started force-paused with flags=0x100. This fixes the hypotetical case where a compromised KIP would perform gmmuhax and dump the INI1 (which is stored in APPLICATION -- KIPs are only started after all of them have been loaded). They are unpaused after all KIPs have been created.
* GetThreadContext3 (unprivileged SVC) now dumps TPIDR_EL0.
* DebugActiveProcess now returns 0xFA01 if an attempt to debug the current process is made -- instead of possibly deadlocking
* GetDebugThreadContext and SetDebugThreadContext now return 0xF001 if flags > 15. Additionally, their functionality is now restricted to threads that have been force-paused for debug, not just any kind of force-paused threads anymore.
* ContinueDebugEvent now returns 0xF001 if flags > 15 as well.
* svcSleepSystem has been refactored. Instead of the initiator thread manually starting the sleep handler threads then storing a weak reference to itself, the handler threads are started in kernel init in main() immediately after their creation, and two mutexes are used: one for the initiator/covering svcSleepSystem, another for the handler threads. This likely fixes an UaF or race condition.
* If svcReturnFromException passes the exception the KDebug, ie. if the argument errorCode is not 0, and if the latter has DontCatchExceptions set, the process is terminated (unless errorCode is 0x10001).
* Performance improvements to svcInvalidateProcessDataCache.

==See Also==
System update report(s):
* [https://yls8.mtheall.com/ninupdates/reports.php?date=09-18-18_08-35-09&sys=hac]

SVC

2018-09-01T21:39:58Z

TuxSH: /* ContinueDebugFlags */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000 (2MB).

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than or equal to 4GB.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || DontCatchExceptions
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions
|}

IgnoreExceptionsOfOthers is like IgnoreException but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list. The affected threads are resumed.

Only one of of Resume and IgnoreOtherThreadsExceptions can be set at a time.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

* Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.
** Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-26T12:35:55Z

TuxSH: /* svcSetHeapSize */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000 (2MB).

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than or equal to 4GB.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

* Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.
** Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

Package2

2018-08-26T10:58:44Z

TuxSH: /* KIP1 */

Present in the firmware package titles (0100000000000819, 010000000000081A, 010000000000081B and 010000000000081C) and installed into eMMC storage's [[Flash_Filesystem#User_Partitions|BCPKG2 partitions]], "package2" contains the Switch kernel and the built-in system modules.

= Format =
Package2 is distributed in an already encrypted format. Therefore, it's not additionally encrypted when installed into the flash filesystem.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| 0x100
| [[#Public Keys|RSA-2048]] signature (PKCS#1 v2.1 RSASSA-PSS-VERIFY with SHA256)
|-
| 0x100
| 0x100
| Encrypted header
|-
| 0x200
| Variable
| Encrypted body
|}

== Encryption ==
Package2's contents are AES-CTR encrypted with a key known only by TrustZone.

The encrypted header's CTR is stored as it's first 0x10 bytes (offset 0x100).
The encrypted body is divided in up to 4 sections, each one with a CTR stored inside the decrypted header.

== Header ==
When decrypted, package2's header is as follows.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| 0x10
| Header's CTR, official code copies the pre-decryption CTR over the decrypted result. Also used as metadata.
|-
| 0x10
| 0x10
| Section 0 CTR
|-
| 0x20
| 0x10
| Section 1 CTR
|-
| 0x30
| 0x10
| Section 2 CTR
|-
| 0x40
| 0x10
| Section 3 CTR
|-
| 0x50
| 0x4
| Magic "PK21"
|-
| 0x54
| 0x4
| Base offset
|-
| 0x58
| 0x4
| Always 0
|-
| 0x5C
| 0x2
| Version. HighByte must be <{maxver} and LowByte must be >{minver}, where {maxver} and {minver} are constants used by TZ updated with each package1 update.
|-
| 0x5E
| 0x2
| Padding
|-
| 0x60
| 0x4
| Section 0 size
|-
| 0x64
| 0x4
| Section 1 size
|-
| 0x68
| 0x4
| Section 2 size
|-
| 0x6C
| 0x4
| Section 3 size
|-
| 0x70
| 0x4
| Section 0 offset
|-
| 0x74
| 0x4
| Section 1 offset
|-
| 0x78
| 0x4
| Section 2 offset
|-
| 0x7C
| 0x4
| Section 3 offset
|-
| 0x80
| 0x20
| SHA-256 hash over encrypted section 0
|-
| 0xA0
| 0x20
| SHA-256 hash over encrypted section 1
|-
| 0xC0
| 0x20
| SHA-256 hash over encrypted section 2
|-
| 0xE0
| 0x20
| SHA-256 hash over encrypted section 3
|}

Each section follows each other immediately and is encrypted with the same key used for encrypting the header.
The section offsets are relative to a base, which is typically 0x80000000 pointing to the base of DRAM.

Before being decrypted, the encrypted header's CTR additionally encodes metadata used to validate package2's contents as follows:
* Size of the entire package2 with the raw header = ctr_word2 ^ ctr_word3 ^ ctr_word0
* Metadata version field = ((ctr_word1 ^ (ctr_word1 >> 16)) & 0xFF) ^ (ctr_word1 >> 24)

In [4.0.0], the metadata version field must be less or equal to 4.

== Section 0 ==
When decrypted, this section contains the plaintext Switch kernel binary.

== Section 1 ==
When decrypted, this section contains the built-in system modules encapsulated in a custom format.

=== INI1 ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| u32
| Magic "INI1"
|-
| 0x4
| u32
| Size
|-
| 0x8
| u32
| NumberProcesses (Must be <0x51)
|-
| 0xC
| u32
| Padding (zero)
|}

==== KIP1 ====
Kernel Initial Process.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| u32
| Magic "KIP1"
|-
| 0x4
| char[12]
| Name
|-
| 0x10
| u64
| TitleId
|-
| 0x18
| u32
| Process category (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in). Should be 1 here.
|-
| 0x1C
| u8
| Main thread priority
|-
| 0x1D
| u8
| Default CPU core
|-
| 0x1E
| u8
| Reserved (unused)
|-
| 0x1F
| u8
| Flags: bit0-2: compression-enable for each section, when set. Bit3: Is64Bit. Bit4: IsAddrSpace36Bit. Bit5: [2.0.0+] UseSystemPoolPartition (1: System, 0: Application). Bit6, Bit7: reserved (unused)
|-
| 0x20
| [[#SectionHeader]][6]
| Sections: .text, .rodata, .data, .bss and two reserved (ignored) sections.
|-
| 0x80
| u32[0x20]
| KernelCaps
|}

===== SectionHeader =====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| u32
| OutOffset
|-
| 0x4
| u32
| DecompressedSize
|-
| 0x8
| u32
| CompressedSize
|-
| 0xC
| u32
| Attribute: the size in pages of the main thread's stack for .rodata, reserved otherwise.
|}

Compressed size can be 0 or lower than exepected, this is the case for BSS for example.

===== Compression =====
The compression used here is BLZ, with a modified footer since 3ds. The footer is now 0xC bytes instead of 0x8, and has the form u32 compressed_data_len; u32 initial_index; u32 additional_len_when_uncompressed;

== Section 2 ==
This section has a valid CTR and SHA-256 hash (over NULL) stored in the package2's header, but it's size is always 0. Likely reserved for future expansion.

== Section 3 ==
This section is not present (CTR and SHA-256 hash in package2's header are NULL). Likely reserved for future expansion.

= Versions =
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! System version
! Package1 maxver constant
! Package1 minver constant
! Package2 version field
|-
| [[1.0.0]]
| 0x2
| 0x3
| 0x0104
|-
| [[2.0.0]]
| 0x3
| 0x4
| 0x0205
|-
| [[3.0.0]]
| 0x4
| 0x5
| 0x0306
|-
| [[3.0.2]]
| 0x5
| 0x6
| 0x0407
|-
| [[4.0.0]]
| 0x6
| 0x7
| 0x0508
|-
| [[5.0.0]]
| 0x7
| 0x8
| 0x0609
|}

= Public Keys =

=== Exponent ===
0x10001

=== Retail Modulus ===
8D 13 A7 77 6A E5 DC C0 3B 25 D0 58 E4 20 69 59
55 4B AB 70 40 08 28 07 A8 A7 FD 0F 31 2E 11 FE
47 A0 F9 9D DF 80 DB 86 5A 27 89 CD 97 6C 85 C5
6C 39 7F 41 F2 FF 24 20 C3 95 A6 F7 9D 4A 45 74
8B 5D 28 8A C6 99 35 68 85 A5 64 32 80 9F D3 48
39 A2 1D 24 67 69 DF 75 AC 12 B5 BD C3 29 90 BE
37 E4 A0 80 9A BE 36 BF 1F 2C AB 2B AD F5 97 32
9A 42 9D 09 8B 08 F0 63 47 A3 E9 1B 36 D8 2D 8A
D7 E1 54 11 95 E4 45 88 69 8A 2B 35 CE D0 A5 0B
D5 5D AC DB AF 11 4D CA B8 1E E7 01 9E F4 46 A3
8A 94 6D 76 BD 8A C8 3B D2 31 58 0C 79 A8 26 E9
D1 79 9C CB D4 2B 6A 4F C6 CC CF 90 A7 B9 98 47
FD FA 4C 6C 6F 81 87 3B CA B8 50 F6 3E 39 5D 4D
97 3F 0F 35 39 53 FB FA CD AB A8 7A 62 9A 3F F2
09 27 96 3F 07 9A 91 F7 16 BF C6 3A 82 5A 4B CF
49 50 95 8C 55 80 7E 39 B1 48 05 1E 21 C7 24 4F

=== Debug Modulus ===
B3 65 54 FB 0A B0 1E 85 A7 F6 CF 91 8E BA 96 99
0D 8B 91 69 2A EE 01 20 4F 34 5C 2C 4F 4E 37 C7
F1 0B D4 CD A1 7F 93 F1 33 59 CE B1 E9 DD 26 E6
F3 BB 77 87 46 7A D6 4E 47 4A D1 41 B7 79 4A 38
06 6E CF 61 8F CD C1 40 0B FA 26 DC C0 34 51 83
D9 3B 11 54 3B 96 27 32 9A 95 BE 1E 68 11 50 A0
6B 10 A8 83 8B F5 FC BC 90 84 7A 5A 5C 43 52 E6
C8 26 E9 FE 06 A0 8B 53 0F AF 1E C4 1C 0B CF 50
1A A4 F3 5C FB F0 97 E4 DE 32 0A 9F E3 5A AA B7
44 7F 5C 33 60 B9 0F 22 2D 33 2A E9 69 79 31 42
8F E4 3A 13 8B E7 26 BD 08 87 6C A6 F2 73 F6 8E
A7 F2 FE FB 6C 28 66 0D BD D7 EB 42 A8 78 E6 B8
6B AE C7 A9 E2 40 6E 89 20 82 25 8E 3C 6A 60 D7
F3 56 8E EC 8D 51 8A 63 3C 04 78 23 0E 90 0C B4
E7 86 3B 4F 8E 13 09 47 32 0E 04 B8 4D 5B B0 46
71 B0 5C F4 AD 63 4F C5 E2 AC 1E C4 33 96 09 7B

SVC

2018-08-24T17:39:24Z

TuxSH: /* DebugEventInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 || DebugEvent_ExitProcess
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_ExitThread
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_Trap (*)
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc (**)
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

* Undefined instructions, software breakpoints, some other traps.
** Data aborts, FP traps, and everything else that doesn't belong to any of the above.

Trap specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

Memory layout

2018-08-23T13:23:49Z

TuxSH: /* Kernel */

= Userspace =
The userspace virtual address space can be either 32 or 36 bits. [2.0.0+] introduced support for 38 bit address spaces.

There are two regions randomized and enforced by the kernel, each one with upper bits random and 2MB-aligned:
* ReservedHeapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* ReservedMapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* [2.0.0+] NewReservedMapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* [2.0.0+] TlsIoRegion, not available to userspace.

The main binary is placed at an address that is provided to the kernel by Loader via [[SVC#svcCreateProcess]].

Typically on 2.0.0+ systems, the main binary region has randomness in bits 37-21.

For the stack mapping region, the userland randomizes a page-offset where to start inside the region. This adds some additional entropy.

Binaries mapped by RO are mapped randomly everywhere in the entire address space. The base address for each NRO has all bits randomized and are 4K-aligned. This means that typically, on 2.0.0+ systems, bits 37-12 of the NRO base address are random.

For all binaries(main area / NROs), the R-- section is always located immediately after R-X. The RW- section is always located immediately after the R-- section. Hence, there's no extra randomization / guard-pages for these sections.

On version [[1.0.0]], the initial binaries loaded into memory by the kernel always have the upper 32-bits as all-zero, so there are 6 fewer bits of layout randomization.

Binaries loaded within the main-binary-region are loaded into memory in the following order, immediately after each other, for the binaries which exist in [[ExeFS]]:
* rtld
* main
* subsdk*
* sdk

== ASLR Implementation ==
The kernel uses a MT19937 random number generator, seeded by a [[SMC#GetRandomBytes|smcGetRandomBytes]]
=== 1.0.0 ===

if (AddressSpaceType == 2) {
BaseAddr = 0x80000000; // 64-bit
RandomMax = 0x6400;
}
else {
BaseAddr = 0x40000000; // 32-bit
RandomMax = 0x200;
}

if (AddressSpaceType == 4) {
MapRegionSize = 0;
HeapRegionSize = 0x80000000;
}
else {
MapRegionSize = 0x40000000;
HeapRegionSize = 0x40000000;
}

if (EnableAslr) {
rnd0 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21;
rnd1 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21;
}
else {
rnd0 = rnd1 = 0;
}

this->MapBaseAddr = BaseAddr + min(rnd0, rnd1)
this->HeapRegionBaseAddr = this->MapBaseAddr + MapRegionSize + max(rnd0, rnd1) - min(rnd0, rnd1)

= Kernel =
For more details, see [[#Notes]]. Here comes a summary.

PXN bit is set in the MMU descriptor for userland code pages. This means that userland code pages are not executable in kernel mode (this is equivalent to SMEP on x86).

For userland pages, the kernel has same access as userland (either both are read-only or both are read-write). It does not have SMAP. The previous rule has one exception: pages that are mapped unreadable in usermode are still forced readable from kernelmode.

KASLR is being used since [[5.0.0]], but not before, with the following pseudocode (might contains some errors):

<code><pre>
DRAM crt0 mapping (ttbr1): offsets DRAM with (rand64ViaSmc() % 0x3FFF0 << 21), allocates exactly (end - _start) + 1GB.
This is a "linear" mapping. Permissions are set properly.

KERN_ADDRSPACE := [VA(_start) : min(0xFFFFFFFFFFE00000 - VA(_start), 0x40000000)]
DRAM_FROM_SECTION1 := DRAM[0x808cd000:] // 0x808cd000 corresponds to start of section1 (loaded INI1) data, reused later

/* Global Randomize range: 0xFFFFFF8000000000 to 0xFFFFFFFFFFE00000. */
/*
Randomize picks a random integer in ranges, clears as many low bits required,
then checks if the address is acceptable, if not it attempts to iterate through page table entries.

If it doesn't find anything, it picks another integer. In case of general failure, the whole operation
may be done from the start again (maybe ?).
*/

/* Core0 executes this big KASLR function, then powers on the other CPUs (?). */
MapPartially(RandomizeL1Boundary(DRAM, sizeof(DRAM)) -> DRAM_FROM_SECTION1: offsetof DRAM_FROM_SECTION1,

/* Randomize */
KERN_ADDRSPACE {
Randomize(IOAndInitialStacks, 0x2000000) {
Map(Randomize(UartA, 0x1000)) -> UartA,
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(Gicd, 0x1000)) -> Gicd,
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(Gicc, 0x1000)) -> Gicc,
ForEachCore {
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(EntryThreadStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(IdleSchedulerThreadStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(EL1AbortStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
}
},

Randomize(KernelStacks, 0xE00000),
Map(Randomize(SlabHeaps, 0x7E9000, AFTER(VA(_end)) -> PA(_end)),
Randomize(Kip1DecompressionBuffer, 0x8000000), /* 128 MB VA range */
},

Map(RandomizePageBoundary(GuardPage + KCoreContext * 4)) -> NextFreePages(4)
</pre></code>

== 1.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC00000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC45FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x46000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC46000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC48FFF || 0x800E6000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC49000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC4FFFF || 0x800E9000 || 0x7000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFD72000-0xFFFFFFFFBFD72FFF || 0x6000F000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Exception vectors
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5FFF || 0x60007000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Flow controller
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7FFF || 0x60004000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Primary ICTLR
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9FFF || 0x60001000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Resource Semaphore
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDBB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBBFFF || 0x70016000 || 0x2000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ATOMICS
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDBE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBEFFF || 0x7000E000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || PMC
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0FFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and reset
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2FFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDCA000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCBFFF || 0x80060000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDCE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCFFFF || 0x80068000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu0)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2FFF || 0x80070000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu0)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD5FFF || 0x80062000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD9FFF || 0x8006A000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu1)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDDC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDCFFF || 0x80071000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu1)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDDE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDFFFF || 0x80064000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE3FFF || 0x8006C000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu2)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6FFF || 0x80072000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu2)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE9FFF || 0x80066000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDEC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDEDFFF || 0x8006E000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu3)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0FFF || 0x80073000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu3)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFD000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF3FFF || 0x80060000+(cpuid*0x2000) || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF7FFF || 0x80068000+(cpuid*0x2000) || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (per-core self-mirror)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFF000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFFFFF || 0x80084000+(cpuid*0x1000) || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (per-core self-mirror)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFE00000000-... || 0x80000000 || ... || 0x60000000000709 || RW- || Raw DRAM access
|}

== 2.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC62FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x63000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC63000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC65FFF || 0x80103000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC66000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC6EFFF || 0x80106000 || 0x9000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0FFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2FFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCA000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCAFFF || 0x80060000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCEFFF || 0x80068000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2FFF || 0x80070000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4FFF || 0x80062000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8FFF || 0x8006A000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDCFFF || 0x80071000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDEFFF || 0x80064000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2FFF || 0x8006C000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6FFF || 0x80072000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8FFF || 0x80066000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDEC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDECFFF || 0x8006E000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0FFF || 0x80073000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF800000000-... || 0x80000000 || ... || 0x60000000000709 || RW- || Raw DRAM access
|}

== 3.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4AFFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x4B000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4B000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4DFFF || 0x800EB000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4E000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC5AFFF || 0x800EE000 || 0xD000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|}

== 4.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC50FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x51000 || 0x4000000000078B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC51000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC53FFF || 0x800F1000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC54000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC61FFF || 0x800F4000 || 0xE000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|}

The rest are are mapped to core-specific physaddrs, each one is 0x1000-bytes. Descriptor ORR-value = 0x6000000000070B.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF7000
| <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000> + 0x1000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF3000
| <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000> + 0x1000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFF000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF9000
| 0x800XX000
|}

= Secure Monitor =

Unless otherwise mentionned, block descriptors (in our case, the one uses for the DRAM identity mapping) are all ORRed by 0x401 and page descriptors by 0x403.

== [[1.0.0]] ==

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
! Size
! Descriptor ORR-value
! Permissions
! Description
|-
| 0x1F0000000
| 0x50041000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0x1F0002000
| 0x50042000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Interrupt Controller Physical CPU Interface
|-
| 0x1F0005000
| 0x70006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| UART-A
|-
| 0x1F0007000
| 0x60006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Clock and Reset
|-
| 0x1F0009000
| 0x7000E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| PMC
|-
| 0x1F000B000
| 0x60005000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TMR
|-
| 0x1F000D000
| 0x6000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| System Registers
|-
| 0x1F000F000
| 0x70012000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SE
|-
| 0x1F0012000
| 0x700F0000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SYSCTR0
|-
| 0x1F0014000
| 0x70019000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MC
|-
| 0x1F0016000
| 0x7000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| FUSE
|-
| 0x1F0018000
| 0x70000000
| 0x4000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MISC
|-
| 0x1F001D000
| 0x60007000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Flow controller
|-
| 0x1F001F000
| 0x40002000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| IRAM
|-
| 0x1F0021000
| 0x7000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C-5
|-
| 0x1F0023000
| 0x6000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| GPIO-1
|-
| 0x1F0025000
| 0x7000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C
|-
| 0x1F0180000
| 0x40020000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| IRAM
|-
| 0x1F01A0000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000384
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01C3000
| 0x80010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01C2000
| 0x8000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01E0000
| 0x7C013000
| 0xB000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor)
|-
| 0x1F01F0000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x2000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init)
|-
| 0x1F01F6000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01F8000
| 0x7C01F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FA000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x1000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors)
|-
| 0x1F01FC000
| 0x7C011000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FE000
| 0x7C012000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|}

== [[2.0.0]] ==

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
! Size
! Descriptor ORR-value
! Permissions
! Description
|-
| 0x7C010000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x40020000
| 0x40020000
| 0x20000
| 0x300
|
| iRAM-C
|-
| 0x1F0080000
| 0x50041000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0x1F0082000
| 0x50042000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| 0x1F0085000
| 0x70006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| UART-A
|-
| 0x1F0087000
| 0x60006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Clock and Reset
|-
| 0x1F0089000
| 0x7000E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| PMC
|-
| 0x1F008B000
| 0x60005000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TMR
|-
| 0x1F008D000
| 0x6000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| System Registers
|-
| 0x1F008F000
| 0x70012000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SE
|-
| 0x1F0092000
| 0x700F0000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SYSCTR0
|-
| 0x1F0094000
| 0x70019000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MC
|-
| 0x1F0096000
| 0x7000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| FUSE (0x7000F800)
|-
| 0x1F0098000
| 0x70000000
| 0x4000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MISC
|-
| 0x1F009D000
| 0x60007000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Flow Controller
|-
| 0x1F009F000
| 0x40002000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| iRAM-A
|-
| 0x1F00A1000
| 0x7000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C5 - SPI 2B-6
|-
| 0x1F00A3000
| 0x6000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| GPIO-1 - GPIO-8
|-
| 0x1F00A5000
| 0x7000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C-I2C4
|-
| 0x1F00A7000
| 0x6000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Exception vectors
|-
| 0x1F0180000
| 0x40020000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| iRAM-C
|-
| 0x1F0190000
| 0x40003000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| iRAM-A
|-
| 0x1F01A0000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000380
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01C3000
| 0x80010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01C2000
| 0x8000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01E0000
| 0x7C013000
| 0xB000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor)
|-
| 0x1F01F0000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x2000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init)
|-
| 0x1F01F4000
| <varies>
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000320
|
| DRAM (SPL .bss buffer visible to the Security Engine)
|-
| 0x1F01F6000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01F8000
| 0x7C01F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FA000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x1000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors)
|-
| 0x1F01FC000
| 0x7C011000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FE000
| 0x7C012000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|}

= IRAM =
== [[BCT|BCT]] ==
When copied to IRAM at address 0x40000000, the BCT has an additional header as follows.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Field
! Description
|-
| 0x00
| 0x50
| bct_global_header
|
0x00: unk_version0 (0x00210001)
0x04: unk_version1 (0x00210001)
0x08: unk_version2 (0x00210001)
0x4C: bct_data_addr (address of the actual BCT)
|-
| 0x50
| 0x18
| bootloader0_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader0 is used)
|-
| 0x68
| 0x18
| bootloader1_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader1 is used)
|-
| 0x80
| 0x18
| bootloader2_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader2 is used)
|-
| 0x98
| 0x18
| bootloader3_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader3 is used)
|-
| 0xB0
| 0x50
|
|
0x40: bct_end_addr
|-
|}

= Notes =
== 2.0.0 ==
Granule size for TTBR0*_EL1 is 4KB.
TTBR0_EL1 vmem starts at vaddr 0x0.
vmem end-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xffffffffffffffff. vmem start-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xFFFFFFF000000000.
T0SZ = 31. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR0*_EL1 vmem region is 33. (0x0000000200000000)
T1SZ = 28. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR1*_EL1 vmem region is 36. (0x0000001000000000)

Note: ARM config for TTBR0 is presumably configured for userland later.

See arm-doc for "Table D4-25 Translation table entry addresses when using the 4KB translation granule".

See arm-doc for "Overview of VMSAv8-64 address translation using the 4KB translation granule".

See arm-doc for "Table D4-11 TCR.TnSZ values and IA ranges, 4K granule with no concatenation of tables".
Both TTBR*_EL1 use "Initial lookup level" 1. Therefore, the TTBR*_EL1 tables are level1.

Due to T*SZ, Stage1/Stage2 translation for the initial table(level1) are the same, except Stage2 uses hard-coded T0SZ.
Basically, the table is accessed as: ((u64*)tablebase)[<IA[y:30]>], where y = (37-T*SZ)+26. That is, starting at bit "y" ending(inclusive) at bit30. For TTBR0*_EL1, y = 32, while for TTBR1_EL1 y = 35.
Hence, for TTBR0, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x7), and for TTBR1, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x3f).

"Vector Base Address Register (EL1)" = 0xfffffff7ffc50800.

The table for TTBR0 only contains the following:
* Vmem 0x80000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000, using a size loaded from a register. This is only done when: "endaddr = 0x7fffffff + size; if(endaddr >= 0x80000001){...}"
** The size is loaded from: "(u32 *0x70019050 & 0x3fff) << 20;"
** The value written to the MMU-table descriptor is: "physaddr | val | 0x709;". val is 1<<52 when "tmp>>34" is non-zero and when "if((physaddr & 0x3c0000000) == 0)", otherwise val=0. tmp=size at the start and increased by 0xffffffffc0000000 each loop iteration. physaddr is increased by 0x40000000 each loop iteration.

TTBR1:
* vmem 0xFFFFFFF800000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000. Similar to above, except tmp=0 due to wrap-around, etc. This also has usermode/kernel XN enabled in the descriptor ORR-value. The chunksize used when increasing addr is 0xfffffff840000000, with another +=0x40000000 separate from the addr cmp for the loop.
** "endaddr = 0x3fffffff + (<size from above> | 0xfffffff800000000); enaddr = (endaddr & 0xffffffffc0000000)-1; if(endaddr >= 0xfffffff800000001){<map mem>}"

* Initializes level2 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7C0000000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
* Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
* The content of the pagetable for the following level3 mmutables are not initialized in the main mmutable-init func. descriptor = 0x8007c003(0x3 | <physaddr tablebase>). tablebase=0x8007c000.
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEE00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x1<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF000000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x2<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF200000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x3<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFA00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x7<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEC00000. physaddr = tablebase.
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF400000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x4<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF600000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x5<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF800000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x6<<12).

Memory layout

2018-08-23T13:15:46Z

TuxSH: KASLR

= Userspace =
The userspace virtual address space can be either 32 or 36 bits. [2.0.0+] introduced support for 38 bit address spaces.

There are two regions randomized and enforced by the kernel, each one with upper bits random and 2MB-aligned:
* ReservedHeapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* ReservedMapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* [2.0.0+] NewReservedMapRegion, available from [[SVC#svcGetInfo]].
* [2.0.0+] TlsIoRegion, not available to userspace.

The main binary is placed at an address that is provided to the kernel by Loader via [[SVC#svcCreateProcess]].

Typically on 2.0.0+ systems, the main binary region has randomness in bits 37-21.

For the stack mapping region, the userland randomizes a page-offset where to start inside the region. This adds some additional entropy.

Binaries mapped by RO are mapped randomly everywhere in the entire address space. The base address for each NRO has all bits randomized and are 4K-aligned. This means that typically, on 2.0.0+ systems, bits 37-12 of the NRO base address are random.

For all binaries(main area / NROs), the R-- section is always located immediately after R-X. The RW- section is always located immediately after the R-- section. Hence, there's no extra randomization / guard-pages for these sections.

On version [[1.0.0]], the initial binaries loaded into memory by the kernel always have the upper 32-bits as all-zero, so there are 6 fewer bits of layout randomization.

Binaries loaded within the main-binary-region are loaded into memory in the following order, immediately after each other, for the binaries which exist in [[ExeFS]]:
* rtld
* main
* subsdk*
* sdk

== ASLR Implementation ==
The kernel uses a MT19937 random number generator, seeded by a [[SMC#GetRandomBytes|smcGetRandomBytes]]
=== 1.0.0 ===

if (AddressSpaceType == 2) {
BaseAddr = 0x80000000; // 64-bit
RandomMax = 0x6400;
}
else {
BaseAddr = 0x40000000; // 32-bit
RandomMax = 0x200;
}

if (AddressSpaceType == 4) {
MapRegionSize = 0;
HeapRegionSize = 0x80000000;
}
else {
MapRegionSize = 0x40000000;
HeapRegionSize = 0x40000000;
}

if (EnableAslr) {
rnd0 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21;
rnd1 = GetRandomRange(0, RandomMax) << 21;
}
else {
rnd0 = rnd1 = 0;
}

this->MapBaseAddr = BaseAddr + min(rnd0, rnd1)
this->HeapRegionBaseAddr = this->MapBaseAddr + MapRegionSize + max(rnd0, rnd1) - min(rnd0, rnd1)

= Kernel =
For more details, see [[#Notes]]. Here comes a summary.

PXN bit is set in the MMU descriptor for userland code pages. This means that userland code pages are not executable in kernel mode (this is equivalent to SMEP on x86).

For userland pages, the kernel has same access as userland (either both are read-only or both are read-write). It does not have SMAP. The previous rule has one exception: pages that are mapped unreadable in usermode are still forced readable from kernelmode.

KASLR is being used since [[5.0.0]], but not before, with the following pseudocode (might contains some errors):

<code><pre>
DRAM crt0 mapping (ttbr1): offsets DRAM with (rand64ViaSmc() % 0x3FFF0 << 21), allocates exactly (end - _start) + 1GB.
This is a "linear" mapping. Permissions are set properly.

KERN_ADDRSPACE := [VA(_start) : min(0xFFFFFFFFFFE00000 - VA(_start), 0x40000000)]
DRAM_FROM_SECTION1 := DRAM[0x808cd000:] // 0x808cd000 corresponds to start of section1 (loaded INI1) data, reused later

/* Global Randomize range: 0xFFFFFF8000000000 to 0xFFFFFFFFFFE00000. */
/*
Randomize picks a random integer in ranges, clears as many low bits required,
then checks if the address is acceptable, if not it attempts to iterate through page table entries.

If it doesn't find anything, it picks another integer. In case of general failure, the whole operation
may be done from the start again (maybe ?).
*/

/* Core0 executes this big KASL function, then powers on the other CPUs (?). */
MapPartially(RandomizeL1Boundary(DRAM, sizeof(DRAM)) -> DRAM_FROM_SECTION1: offsetof DRAM_FROM_SECTION1,

/* Randomize */
KERN_ADDRSPACE {
Randomize(IOAndInitialStacks, 0x2000000) {
Map(Randomize(UartA, 0x1000)) -> UartA,
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(Gicd, 0x1000)) -> Gicd,
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(Gicc, 0x1000)) -> Gicc,
ForEachCore {
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(EntryThreadStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(IdleSchedulerThreadStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
GuardPage,
Map(Randomize(EL1AbortStack, 0x1000)) -> NextFreePage(),
}
},

Randomize(KernelStacks, 0xE00000),
Map(Randomize(SlabHeaps, 0x7E9000, AFTER(VA(_end)) -> PA(_end)),
Randomize(Kip1DecompressionBuffer, 0x8000000), /* 128 MB VA range */
},

Map(RandomizePageBoundary(GuardPage + KCoreContext * 4)) -> NextFreePages(4)
</pre></code>

== 1.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC00000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC45FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x46000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC46000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC48FFF || 0x800E6000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFC49000-0xFFFFFFFFBFC4FFFF || 0x800E9000 || 0x7000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFD72000-0xFFFFFFFFBFD72FFF || 0x6000F000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Exception vectors
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB5FFF || 0x60007000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Flow controller
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB7FFF || 0x60004000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Primary ICTLR
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDB9FFF || 0x60001000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Resource Semaphore
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDBB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBBFFF || 0x70016000 || 0x2000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ATOMICS
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDBE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDBEFFF || 0x7000E000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || PMC
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC0FFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and reset
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC2FFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC4FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC6FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDC8FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDCA000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCBFFF || 0x80060000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDCE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDCFFFF || 0x80068000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu0)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD2FFF || 0x80070000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu0)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD4000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD5FFF || 0x80062000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDD8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDD9FFF || 0x8006A000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu1)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDDC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDCFFF || 0x80071000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu1)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDDE000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDDFFFF || 0x80064000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE3FFF || 0x8006C000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu2)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE6FFF || 0x80072000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu2)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDE8000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDE9FFF || 0x80066000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDEC000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDEDFFF || 0x8006E000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (cpu3)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF0FFF || 0x80073000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (cpu3)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFB000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFD000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF2000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF3FFF || 0x80060000+(cpuid*0x2000) || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDF6000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDF7FFF || 0x80068000+(cpuid*0x2000) || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel main stack (per-core self-mirror)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFFBFDFF000-0xFFFFFFFFBFDFFFFF || 0x80084000+(cpuid*0x1000) || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel runner stack (per-core self-mirror)
|-
| 0xFFFFFFFE00000000-... || 0x80000000 || ... || 0x60000000000709 || RW- || Raw DRAM access
|}

== 2.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC62FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x63000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC63000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC65FFF || 0x80103000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC66000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC6EFFF || 0x80106000 || 0x9000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC0FFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC2FFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC4FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC6FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDC8FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCA000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCAFFF || 0x80060000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDCE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDCEFFF || 0x80068000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD2FFF || 0x80070000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD4FFF || 0x80062000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDD8FFF || 0x8006A000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDCFFF || 0x80071000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDDE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDDEFFF || 0x80064000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE2FFF || 0x8006C000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE6FFF || 0x80072000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDE8FFF || 0x80066000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDEC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDECFFF || 0x8006E000 || 0x2000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDF0FFF || 0x80073000 || 0x1000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- ||
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF800000000-... || 0x80000000 || ... || 0x60000000000709 || RW- || Raw DRAM access
|}

== 3.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4AFFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x4B000 || 0x78B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4B000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC4DFFF || 0x800EB000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC4E000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC5AFFF || 0x800EE000 || 0xD000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|}

== 4.0.0 ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Cores || Virtual || Physical || Size || Attributes || Permissions || Description
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC50FFF || 0x800A0000 || 0x51000 || 0x4000000000078B || R-X || Kernel .text
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC51000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC53FFF || 0x800F1000 || 0x3000 || 0x6000000000078B || R-- || Kernel .rodata
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFC54000-0xFFFFFFF7FFC61FFF || 0x800F4000 || 0xE000 || 0x6000000000070B || RW- || Kernel .data+.bss
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAC000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDACFFF || 0x60006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Clock and Reset
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDAE000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDAEFFF || 0x7001D000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC1
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB0FFF || 0x7001C000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC0
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB2FFF || 0x70019000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || MC
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDB4FFF || 0x70006000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || UART-A
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFB000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFBFFF || 0x50041000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| All || 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFD000-0xFFFFFFF7FFDFDFFF || 0x50042000 || 0x1000 || 0x60000000000607 || RW- || Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|}

The rest are are mapped to core-specific physaddrs, each one is 0x1000-bytes. Descriptor ORR-value = 0x6000000000070B.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF7000
| <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000> + 0x1000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF3000
| <physaddr from vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000> + 0x1000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF6000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF2000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDFF000
| 0x800XX000
|-
| 0xFFFFFFF7FFDF9000
| 0x800XX000
|}

= Secure Monitor =

Unless otherwise mentionned, block descriptors (in our case, the one uses for the DRAM identity mapping) are all ORRed by 0x401 and page descriptors by 0x403.

== [[1.0.0]] ==

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
! Size
! Descriptor ORR-value
! Permissions
! Description
|-
| 0x1F0000000
| 0x50041000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0x1F0002000
| 0x50042000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Interrupt Controller Physical CPU Interface
|-
| 0x1F0005000
| 0x70006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| UART-A
|-
| 0x1F0007000
| 0x60006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Clock and Reset
|-
| 0x1F0009000
| 0x7000E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| PMC
|-
| 0x1F000B000
| 0x60005000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TMR
|-
| 0x1F000D000
| 0x6000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| System Registers
|-
| 0x1F000F000
| 0x70012000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SE
|-
| 0x1F0012000
| 0x700F0000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SYSCTR0
|-
| 0x1F0014000
| 0x70019000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MC
|-
| 0x1F0016000
| 0x7000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| FUSE
|-
| 0x1F0018000
| 0x70000000
| 0x4000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MISC
|-
| 0x1F001D000
| 0x60007000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Flow controller
|-
| 0x1F001F000
| 0x40002000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| IRAM
|-
| 0x1F0021000
| 0x7000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C-5
|-
| 0x1F0023000
| 0x6000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| GPIO-1
|-
| 0x1F0025000
| 0x7000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C
|-
| 0x1F0180000
| 0x40020000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| IRAM
|-
| 0x1F01A0000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000384
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01C3000
| 0x80010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01C2000
| 0x8000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01E0000
| 0x7C013000
| 0xB000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor)
|-
| 0x1F01F0000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x2000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init)
|-
| 0x1F01F6000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01F8000
| 0x7C01F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FA000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x1000
| 0x304
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors)
|-
| 0x1F01FC000
| 0x7C011000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FE000
| 0x7C012000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TZRAM
|}

== [[2.0.0]] ==

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Vmem
! Physmem
! Size
! Descriptor ORR-value
! Permissions
! Description
|-
| 0x7C010000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x40020000
| 0x40020000
| 0x20000
| 0x300
|
| iRAM-C
|-
| 0x1F0080000
| 0x50041000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| ARM Interrupt Distributor
|-
| 0x1F0082000
| 0x50042000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Interrupt Controller Physical CPU interface
|-
| 0x1F0085000
| 0x70006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| UART-A
|-
| 0x1F0087000
| 0x60006000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| Clock and Reset
|-
| 0x1F0089000
| 0x7000E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| PMC
|-
| 0x1F008B000
| 0x60005000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| TMR
|-
| 0x1F008D000
| 0x6000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| System Registers
|-
| 0x1F008F000
| 0x70012000
| 0x2000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SE
|-
| 0x1F0092000
| 0x700F0000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| SYSCTR0
|-
| 0x1F0094000
| 0x70019000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MC
|-
| 0x1F0096000
| 0x7000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| FUSE (0x7000F800)
|-
| 0x1F0098000
| 0x70000000
| 0x4000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| MISC
|-
| 0x1F009D000
| 0x60007000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Flow Controller
|-
| 0x1F009F000
| 0x40002000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| iRAM-A
|-
| 0x1F00A1000
| 0x7000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C5 - SPI 2B-6
|-
| 0x1F00A3000
| 0x6000D000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| GPIO-1 - GPIO-8
|-
| 0x1F00A5000
| 0x7000C000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| I2C-I2C4
|-
| 0x1F00A7000
| 0x6000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000304
|
| Exception vectors
|-
| 0x1F0180000
| 0x40020000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| iRAM-C
|-
| 0x1F0190000
| 0x40003000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| iRAM-A
|-
| 0x1F01A0000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000380
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01C3000
| 0x80010000
| 0x10000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01C2000
| 0x8000F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000324
|
| EMEM
|-
| 0x1F01E0000
| 0x7C013000
| 0xB000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor)
|-
| 0x1F01F0000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x2000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor and ARMv8 init)
|-
| 0x1F01F4000
| <varies>
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000320
|
| DRAM (SPL .bss buffer visible to the Security Engine)
|-
| 0x1F01F6000
| 0x7C01E000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01F8000
| 0x7C01F000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FA000
| 0x7C010000
| 0x1000
| 0x300
|
| TZRAM (Secure Monitor exception vectors)
|-
| 0x1F01FC000
| 0x7C011000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|-
| 0x1F01FE000
| 0x7C012000
| 0x1000
| 0x40000000000300
|
| TZRAM
|}

= IRAM =
== [[BCT|BCT]] ==
When copied to IRAM at address 0x40000000, the BCT has an additional header as follows.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Field
! Description
|-
| 0x00
| 0x50
| bct_global_header
|
0x00: unk_version0 (0x00210001)
0x04: unk_version1 (0x00210001)
0x08: unk_version2 (0x00210001)
0x4C: bct_data_addr (address of the actual BCT)
|-
| 0x50
| 0x18
| bootloader0_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader0 is used)
|-
| 0x68
| 0x18
| bootloader1_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader1 is used)
|-
| 0x80
| 0x18
| bootloader2_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader2 is used)
|-
| 0x98
| 0x18
| bootloader3_header
|
0x00: is_active (if set to 0x01, bootloader3 is used)
|-
| 0xB0
| 0x50
|
|
0x40: bct_end_addr
|-
|}

= Notes =
== 2.0.0 ==
Granule size for TTBR0*_EL1 is 4KB.
TTBR0_EL1 vmem starts at vaddr 0x0.
vmem end-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xffffffffffffffff. vmem start-addr for TTBR1_EL1 is 0xFFFFFFF000000000.
T0SZ = 31. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR0*_EL1 vmem region is 33. (0x0000000200000000)
T1SZ = 28. Hence, bit-size of the TTBR1*_EL1 vmem region is 36. (0x0000001000000000)

Note: ARM config for TTBR0 is presumably configured for userland later.

See arm-doc for "Table D4-25 Translation table entry addresses when using the 4KB translation granule".

See arm-doc for "Overview of VMSAv8-64 address translation using the 4KB translation granule".

See arm-doc for "Table D4-11 TCR.TnSZ values and IA ranges, 4K granule with no concatenation of tables".
Both TTBR*_EL1 use "Initial lookup level" 1. Therefore, the TTBR*_EL1 tables are level1.

Due to T*SZ, Stage1/Stage2 translation for the initial table(level1) are the same, except Stage2 uses hard-coded T0SZ.
Basically, the table is accessed as: ((u64*)tablebase)[<IA[y:30]>], where y = (37-T*SZ)+26. That is, starting at bit "y" ending(inclusive) at bit30. For TTBR0*_EL1, y = 32, while for TTBR1_EL1 y = 35.
Hence, for TTBR0, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x7), and for TTBR1, index=((vaddr>>30) & 0x3f).

"Vector Base Address Register (EL1)" = 0xfffffff7ffc50800.

The table for TTBR0 only contains the following:
* Vmem 0x80000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000, using a size loaded from a register. This is only done when: "endaddr = 0x7fffffff + size; if(endaddr >= 0x80000001){...}"
** The size is loaded from: "(u32 *0x70019050 & 0x3fff) << 20;"
** The value written to the MMU-table descriptor is: "physaddr | val | 0x709;". val is 1<<52 when "tmp>>34" is non-zero and when "if((physaddr & 0x3c0000000) == 0)", otherwise val=0. tmp=size at the start and increased by 0xffffffffc0000000 each loop iteration. physaddr is increased by 0x40000000 each loop iteration.

TTBR1:
* vmem 0xFFFFFFF800000000 is mapped to physmem 0x80000000. Similar to above, except tmp=0 due to wrap-around, etc. This also has usermode/kernel XN enabled in the descriptor ORR-value. The chunksize used when increasing addr is 0xfffffff840000000, with another +=0x40000000 separate from the addr cmp for the loop.
** "endaddr = 0x3fffffff + (<size from above> | 0xfffffff800000000); enaddr = (endaddr & 0xffffffffc0000000)-1; if(endaddr >= 0xfffffff800000001){<map mem>}"

* Initializes level2 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7C0000000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
* Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFC00000. descriptor = 0x3 | physaddr. physaddr is core-specific.
* The content of the pagetable for the following level3 mmutables are not initialized in the main mmutable-init func. descriptor = 0x8007c003(0x3 | <physaddr tablebase>). tablebase=0x8007c000.
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEE00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x1<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF000000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x2<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF200000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x3<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FFA00000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x7<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FEC00000. physaddr = tablebase.
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF400000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x4<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF600000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x5<<12).
** Initializes level3 pagetable descriptor for vmem 0xFFFFFFF7FF800000. physaddr = tablebase + (0x6<<12).

SVC

2018-08-21T21:01:23Z

TuxSH: /* DebugEventInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=ExitedProcess, 3=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-18T16:08:33Z

TuxSH: /* DebugEventInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

The below table is for the Aarch64 version of the system call. For A32, all u64 fields but title/process/thread id are actually u32, making the structure 0x28-byte-big (0x40 for a64).

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T22:51:47Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T22:50:03Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

[1.0.0] When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

[Maybe 2.0.0+] If the process is attached, report the Break event. Then, if svcContinueDebugEvent didn't apply IgnoreException on the thread: if TPIDR_EL0 is 0, adjust ELR_EL1 to retry to svc instruction (and set TPIDR_EL0 to 1).

Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below), if it doesn't terminate the process adjust ELR_EL1 as well.

Otherwise just return 0.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T22:39:39Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || W0=result = 0
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) W0 || Result || 0 (Success)
|}
</div>

[1.0.0] When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

[Maybe 2.0.0+] If the process is attached, report the Break event. Otherwise, if bit31 in reason isn't set, perform crash reporting (see Exception Handling section below). When Break returns, it returns 0 and TPIDR_EL0 is set to 1.

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T22:22:21Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle, W1=[[#ProcessInfoType]] || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessInfoType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || [[#ProcessState|ProcessInfoType_ProcessState]]
|-
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination. If the process is attached, this also prevents crash-collection/termination (different from the exception handler behavior)

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T21:54:28Z

TuxSH: /* ProcessState */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_CreatedAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_Started ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_StartedAttached ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T21:53:08Z

TuxSH: /* Exception handling */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash per process isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessState_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T21:48:40Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessState_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessState_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessState_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessState_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessState_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessState_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessState_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessState_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessEvent_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T20:13:37Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessEvent_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T19:47:02Z

TuxSH: /* DebugExceptionType */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError (not in 1.0)
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessEvent_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T19:45:07Z

TuxSH: Exception handling

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || [?] Exception_SError
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
= Exception handling =
First of all, a function that might be called by synchronous exception handler and that is called by the SError handler fetches the exception info, adjusts PC, panics on exceptions taken from EL1, then dispatches the exception.

The dispatcher has two mutually exclusive exception reporting methods:
* by storing information at the start of the process's TLS memregion (TPIDRRO_EL0) and jumping back to the crt0
* by using KDebug

KDebug dispatching is used when at least one of the following conditions are met:
* SMC ConfigItem KernelMemConfig bit 1 is NOT set (it isn't on retail), unless: this is a software or hardware breakpoint, or a watchpoint, or [4.0.0+?] the process is attached and this is a Google PNaCl trap instruction (see LLVM source)
* PC doesn't point to a valid address in mapped-readable CodeStatic memory (i.e. this is the case for NRO and JIT memory) or this one of the following exceptions (it particular, that doesn't include FP exceptions occuring in CodeStatic memory):
** Uncategorized
** IllegalState
** SupervisorCallA32
** SupervisorCallA64
** PCAlignment
** SPAlignment
** SError
** BreakpointLowerEl
** SoftwareStepLowerEl (note: no way set single-step flag; not parsed)
** WatchpointLowerEl
** SoftwareBreakpointA32 (note: not parsed)
** SoftwareBreakpointA64 (note: not parsed)

In all other cases the userland-handled exception path is taken.

KDebug path:

If the process is attached, the exception is reported to the KDebug. If the thread was continued using flag IgnoreExceptions, it returns from the exception as if nothing happened.

If the latter is not the case, or if the process isn't attached, process to [2.0.0+] crash reporting (or in [1.0.0] just terminate the process):
if EnableDebug is set, and depending on the process state (more than one crash isn't permitted) it may signal itself with ProcessEvent_Crashed so that PM asks NS to start creport so that creports attaches to it and reports the crashes. Otherwise, just terminate.

Userland reporting path and svcReturnFromException:

TLS region start (A64):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x148 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x78 || Frame: x0..x30, sp, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, pstate & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

TLS region start (A32):

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x0 || 0x178 || Exception stack
|-
| 0x148 || 0x30 || Frame: r0..r14, elr_el1=unadjusted PC, tpidr_el0 = 1, cpsr & 0xFF0FFE20,
afsr0, afsr1, esr, pc (stored using the regs' own size)
|}

In that case, after storing the regs in the TLS, the exception handler returns to the application's crt0 (entrypoint), with X0=<error description code> (see below) and X1=SP=frame=<stack top> (see above)

{| class=wikitable
! Desc. code || Meaning
|-
| 0x100 || Instruction abort
|-
| 0x102 || Misaligned PC
|-
| 0x103 || Misaligned SP
|-
| 0x106 || SError [not in 1.0.0?]
|-
| 0x301 || Bad SVC
|-
| 0x104 || Uncategorized, CP15RTTrap, CP15RRTTrap, CP14RTTrap, CP14RRTTrap, IllegalState, SystemRegisterTrap
|-
| 0x101 || None of the above, EC <= 0x34 and not a breakpoint
|-
|}

(During normal app boot the process is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle. The crt0 of retail apps determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not)

The application is supposed to promptly update the contents of elr_el1 to a user handler (and any other regs it sees fit) and call svcReturnFromException (error code) to call that handler. The latter is then expected to promptly abort the program.

svcReturnFromException updates the contents of the kernel stack frame with what the user provided in the TLS structure, sets TPIDR_EL0 to 1, then:
* if the provided error code is 0, gracefully pivots and returns from exception
* if it is not, replays the exception and pass it to the KDebug (see above). One can pass 0x10001 to prevent process termination

Note that if a thread that wasn't faulting calls svcReturnFromException, it signals an "invalid syscall" exception

SVC

2018-08-09T17:35:12Z

TuxSH:

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: ResumeAllThreads or debug-suspended-thread-id needed)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || IgnoreException (note: doesn't need to be set in the same call than Resume)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || IgnoreExceptionInverted
|}

IgnoreExceptionInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-07T22:49:30Z

TuxSH: /* DebugExceptionType */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || CancelSynchronizationInverted
|}

CancelSynchronizationInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|-
| 9 || Exception_SError
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-07T19:07:59Z

TuxSH: /* DebugThreadParam */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_DynamicPriority
|-
| 1 || DebugThreadParam_SchedulingStatus
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore
|-
| 3 || DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask
|}

Dynamic priority: output in out2

Scheduling status: out1 contains bit0: is debug-suspended, bit1: is user-suspended (svcSetThreadActivity 1 or svcSetProcessActivity 1).
Out2 contains {suspended, idle, running, terminating} => {5, 0, 1, 4}

DebugThreadParam_PreferredCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_CurrentCpuCore: output in out2

DebugThreadParam_AffinityMask: output in out1

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || CancelSynchronizationInverted
|}

CancelSynchronizationInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-07T17:46:09Z

TuxSH: /* System calls */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext*, X3=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_ActualPriority
|-
| 1 ||
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_CpuCore
|-
| 3 ||
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_CoreMask
|}

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || CancelSynchronizationInverted
|}

CancelSynchronizationInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-07T16:30:44Z

TuxSH: lol wat

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || [Until 3.0.0] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlagsOld]], X2=thread_id
[3.0.0 +] W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id_list(u64 *), W3=num_tids (max 64, 0 means "all threads")
|| W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext* || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_ActualPriority
|-
| 1 ||
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_CpuCore
|-
| 3 ||
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_CoreMask
|}

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlagsOld ==
Until [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
Starting from [[3.0.0]]:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || Resume
|-
| 3 || 8 || CancelSynchronizationInverted
|}

CancelSynchronizationInverted is like CancelSynchronization but acts on all threads that aren't in the input list.

If the input number of threads is 0, this means "all threads".

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-06T18:17:17Z

TuxSH: /* DebugEventInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext* || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_ActualPriority
|-
| 1 ||
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_CpuCore
|-
| 3 ||
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_CoreMask
|}

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (only if ResumeAllThreads is set; cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

SVC

2018-08-06T18:16:07Z

TuxSH: /* DebugEventInfo */

__NOTOC__

= System calls =
{| class=wikitable
! Id || Name || In || Out
|-
| 0x1 || [[#svcSetHeapSize]] || W1=size || W0=result, X1=outaddr
|-
| 0x2 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=prot || W0=result
|-
| 0x3 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute]] || X0=addr, X1=size, W2=state0, W3=state1 || W0=result
|-
| 0x4 || [[#svcMapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x5 || [[#svcUnmapMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, X1=srcaddr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6 || [[#svcQueryMemory]] || X0=MemoryInfo*, X2=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x7 || [[#svcExitProcess]] || None ||
|-
| 0x8 || [[#svcCreateThread]] || X1=entry, X2=thread_context, X3=stacktop, W4=prio, W5=processor_id || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x9 || [[#svcStartThread]] || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0xA || [[#svcExitThread]] || None ||
|-
| 0xB || [[#svcSleepThread]] || X0=nano || W0=result
|-
| 0xC || [[#svcGetThreadPriority]] || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=prio
|-
| 0xD || [[#svcSetThreadPriority]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=prio || W0=result
|-
| 0xE || [[#svcGetThreadCoreMask]] || W2=thread_handle || W0=result, W1=out, X2=out
|-
| 0xF || [[#svcSetThreadCoreMask]] || W0=thread_handle, W1=in, X2=in2 || W0=result
|-
| 0x10 || [[#svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber]] || None || W0/X0=cpuid
|-
| 0x11 || svcSignalEvent || W0=wevent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x12 || svcClearEvent || W0=wevent_or_revent_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x13 || [[#svcMapSharedMemory]] || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x14 || svcUnmapSharedMemory || W0=shmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x15 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result, W1=tmem_handle
|-
| 0x16 || svcCloseHandle || W0=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x17 || svcResetSignal || W0=revent_or_process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x18 || [[#svcWaitSynchronization]] || X1=handles_ptr, W2=num_handles. X3=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x19 || svcCancelSynchronization || W0=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x1A || svcArbitrateLock || W0=cur_thread_handle, X1=ptr, W2=req_thread_handle ||
|-
| 0x1B || svcArbitrateUnlock || X0=ptr ||
|-
| 0x1C || svcWaitProcessWideKeyAtomic || X0=ptr0, X1=ptr, W2=thread_handle, X3=timeout || W0=result
|-
| 0x1D || svcSignalProcessWideKey || X0=ptr, W1=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x1E || [[#svcGetSystemTick]] || None || X0={value of cntpct_el0}
|-
| 0x1F || svcConnectToNamedPort || X1=port_name_str || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x20 || svcSendSyncRequestLight || W0=light_session_handle, X1=? || W0=result
|-
| 0x21 || svcSendSyncRequest || X0=normal_session_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x22 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer]] || X0=cmdbufptr, X1=size, X2=handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x23 || svcSendAsyncRequestWithUserBuffer || X1=cmdbufptr, X2=size, X3=handle || W0=result, W1=revent_handle
|-
| 0x24 || svcGetProcessId || W1=thread_or_process_or_debug_handle || W0=result, X1=pid
|-
| 0x25 || svcGetThreadId || W1=thread_handle || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x26 || [[#svcBreak]] || X0=break_reason,X1,X2=info || ?
|-
| 0x27 || svcOutputDebugString || X0=str, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x28 || svcReturnFromException || X0=result ||
|-
| 0x29 || [[#svcGetInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x2A || svcFlushEntireDataCache || None || None
|-
| 0x2B || svcFlushDataCache || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2C || [3.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2D || [3.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemory || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x2E || [5.0.0+] svcGetFutureThreadInfo || X3=timeout || W0=result, bunch of crap
|-
| 0x2F || svcGetLastThreadInfo || None || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4=unk, W5=truncated_u64, W6=bool
|-
| 0x30 || svcGetResourceLimitLimitValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x31 || svcGetResourceLimitCurrentValue || W1=reslimit_handle, W2=[[#LimitableResource]] || W0=result, X1=value
|-
| 0x32 || svcSetThreadActivity || W0=thread_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x33 || svcGetThreadContext3 || X0=[[#ThreadContext]]*, W1=thread_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x34 || [4.0.0+] svcWaitForAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#ArbitrationType]], X2=value X3=timeout ||
|-
| 0x35 || [4.0.0+] svcSignalToAddress || X0=ptr, W1=[[#SignalType]], X2=value W3=num_to_signal ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x3C || [[#svcDumpInfo]] || ||
|-
| 0x3D || [4.0.0+] svcDumpInfoNew || ||
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x40 || svcCreateSession || W2=is_light, X3=? || W0=result, W1=server_handle, W2=client_handle
|-
| 0x41 || [[#svcAcceptSession]] || W1=port_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x42 || svcReplyAndReceiveLight || W0=light_session_handle || W0=result, W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6,W7=out
|-
| 0x43 || [[#svcReplyAndReceive]] || X1=ptr_handles, W2=num_handles, X3=replytarget_handle(0=none), X4=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x44 || svcReplyAndReceiveWithUserBuffer|| X1=buf, X2=sz, X3=ptr_handles, W4=num_handles, X5=replytarget_handle(0=none), X6=timeout || W0=result, W1=handle_idx
|-
| 0x45 || svcCreateEvent || None || W0=result, W1=wevent_handle, W2=revent_handle
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x48 || [5.0.0+] [[#svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe]] || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x49 || [5.0.0+] svcUnmapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe || X0=addr, X1=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4A || [5.0.0+] svcSetUnsafeLimit || X0=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x4B || [4.0.0+] [[#svcCreateCodeMemory]] || X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result, W1=code_memory_handle
|-
| 0x4C || [4.0.0+] [[#svcControlCodeMemory]] || W0=code_memory_handle, W1=[[#CodeMemoryOperation]], X2=dstaddr, X3=size, W4=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x4D || svcSleepSystem || None || None
|-
| 0x4E || [[#svcReadWriteRegister]] || X1=reg_addr, W2=rw_mask, W3=in_val || W0=result, W1=out_val
|-
| 0x4F || svcSetProcessActivity || W0=process_handle, W1=bool || W0=result
|-
| 0x50 || [[#svcCreateSharedMemory]] || W1=size, W2=myperm, W3=otherperm || W0=result, W1=shmem_handle
|-
| 0x51 || [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] || X0=tmem_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x52 || [[#svcUnmapTransferMemory]] || W0=tmemhandle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x53 || svcCreateInterruptEvent || X1=irq_num, W2=flag || W0=result, W1=handle
|-
| 0x54 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress]] || X1=addr || W0=result, X1=physaddr, X2=kerneladdr, X3=size
|-
| 0x55 || [[#svcQueryIoMapping]] || X1=physaddr, X2=size || W0=result, X1=virtaddr
|-
| 0x56 || [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]] || X1=dev_as_start_addr, X2=dev_as_end_addr || W0=result, W1=dev_as_handle
|-
| 0x57 || [[#svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x58 || [[#svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=device, X1=dev_as_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x59 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5A || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr, W5=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x5B || svcMapDeviceAddressSpace || ||
|-
| 0x5C || [[#svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace]] || W0=dev_as_handle, W1=proc_handle, X2=dev_map_addr, X3=dev_as_size, X4=dev_as_addr || W0=result
|-
| 0x5D || svcInvalidateProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5E || svcStoreProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x5F || svcFlushProcessDataCache || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size || W0=size
|-
| 0x60 || svcDebugActiveProcess || X1=pid || W0=result, W1=debug_handle
|-
| 0x61 || svcBreakDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x62 || svcTerminateDebugProcess || W0=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x63 || svcGetDebugEvent || X0=[[#DebugEventInfo]]*, W1=debug_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x64 || svcContinueDebugEvent || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ContinueDebugFlags]], X2=thread_id || W0=result
|-
| 0x65 || svcGetProcessList || X1=pids_out_ptr, W2=max_out || W0=result, W1=num_out
|-
| 0x66 || svcGetThreadList || X1=tids_out_ptr, W2=max_out, W3=debug_handle_or_zero || W0=result, X1=num_out
|-
| 0x67 || svcGetDebugThreadContext || X0=ThreadContext*, X1=debug_handle, X2=thread_id, W3=[[#ThreadContextFlags]] || W0=result
|-
| 0x68 || svcSetDebugThreadContext || W0=debug_handle, W1=[[#ThreadContextFlags]], X2=ThreadContext* || W0=result
|-
| 0x69 || svcQueryDebugProcessMemory || X0=[[#MemoryInfo]]*, X2=debug_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=PageInfo
|-
| 0x6A || svcReadDebugProcessMemory || X0=buffer*, X1=debug_handle, X2=src_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6B || svcWriteDebugProcessMemory || X0=debug_handle, X1=buffer*, X2=dst_addr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x6C || [[#svcSetHardwareBreakPoint]] || W0=HardwareBreakpointId, X1=watchpoint_flags/breakpoint_flags, X2=watchpoint_value/debug_handle ||
|-
| 0x6D || svcGetDebugThreadParam || X2=debug_handle, X3=thread_id, W4=[[#DebugThreadParam]] || W0=result, X1=out0, W2=out1
|- style="border-top: double"
| 0x6F || [5.0.0+] [[#svcGetSystemInfo]] || X1=info_id, X2=handle, X3=info_sub_id || W0=result, X1=out
|-
| 0x70 || svcCreatePort || W2=max_sessions, W3=unk_bool, X4=name_ptr || W0=result, W1=clientport_handle, W2=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x71 || svcManageNamedPort || X1=name_ptr, W2=max_sessions || W0=result, W1=serverport_handle
|-
| 0x72 || svcConnectToPort || W1=clientport_handle || W0=result, W1=session_handle
|-
| 0x73 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]] || W0=process_handle, X1=addr, X2=size, W3=perm || W0=result
|-
| 0x74 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x75 || [[#svcUnmapProcessMemory]] || X0=dstaddr, W1=process_handle, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x76 || [[#svcQueryProcessMemory]] || X0=meminfo_ptr, W2=process_handle, X3=addr || W0=result, W1=pageinfo
|-
| 0x77 || [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x78 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory]] || W0=process_handle, X1=dstaddr, X2=srcaddr, X3=size || W0=result
|-
| 0x79 || [[#svcCreateProcess]] || X1=procinfo_ptr, X2=caps_ptr, W3=cap_num || W0=result, W1=process_handle
|-
| 0x7A || svcStartProcess || W0=process_handle, W1=main_thread_prio, W2=default_cpuid, W3=main_thread_stacksz || W0=result
|-
| 0x7B || svcTerminateProcess || W0=process_handle || W0=result
|-
| 0x7C || [[#svcGetProcessInfo]] || W0=process_handle || W0=result, X1=[[#ProcessState]]
|-
| 0x7D || svcCreateResourceLimit || None || W0=result, W1=reslimit_handle
|-
| 0x7E || svcSetResourceLimitLimitValue || W0=reslimit_handle, W1=[[#LimitableResource]], X2=value || W0=result
|-
| 0x7F || svcCallSecureMonitor || X0=smc_sub_id, X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=smc_args || X0,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7=result
|}

== svcSetHeapSize ==
<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || OutAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set the process heap to a given Size. It can both extend and shrink the heap.

Size must be a multiple of 0x200000.

On success, the heap base-address (which is fixed by kernel, aslr'd) is written to OutAddr.

Uses current process pool partition.

[2.0.0+] Size must be less than 0x18000000.

== svcSetMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || Prot
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change permission of page-aligned memory region.

Bit2 of permission (exec) is not allowed. Setting write-only is not allowed either (bit1).

This can be used to move back and forth between ---, r-- and rw-.

== svcSetMemoryAttribute ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || State0
|-
| (In) W3 || u32 || State1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Change attribute of page-aligned memory region.

This is used to turn on/off caching for a given memory area. Useful when talking to devices such as the GPU.

What happens "under the hood" is the "Memory Attribute Indirection Register" index is changed from 2 to 3 in the MMU descriptor.

{| class=wikitable
! State0 || State1 || Action
|-
| 0 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 0 || Clear bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|-
| 8 || 8 || Set bit3 in [[#MemoryAttribute]].
|}

== svcMapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps a memory range into a different range.

Mainly used for adding guard pages around stack.

Source range gets reprotected to --- (it can no longer be accessed), and bit0 is set in the source [[#MemoryAttribute]].

If dstaddr >= LowerTreshold, the dst-range is enforced to be within the process' "MapRegion". Code can get the range of this region from [[#svcGetInfo]] id0=2,3.

In this case, the mapped memory will have state 0x5C3C0B.

As long as (dstaddr+size) < LowerThreshold, then you can map anywhere but the mapped memory will have state 0x482907 instead.

LowerTreshold is 0x80000000 for 36-bit address spaces, and 0x40000000 for 32-bit ones.

[2.0.0+] Support for the 0x482907 mappings outside the "MapRegion" were removed.

== svcUnmapMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps a region that was previously mapped with [[#svcMapMemory]].

It's possible to unmap ranges partially, you don't need to unmap the entire range "in one go".

The srcaddr/dstaddr must match what was given when the pages were originally mapped.

== svcQueryMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfo
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Query information about an address. Will always fetch the lowest page-aligned mapping that contains the provided address.

Outputs a [[#MemoryInfo]] struct.

== svcExitProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current process.

== svcCreateThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void(*)(void*) || Entry
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || ThreadContext
|-
| (In) X3 || void* || StackTop
|-
| (In) W4 || u32 || Priority
|-
| (In) W5 || u32 || ProcessorId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Create a thread in the current process.

Processor_id must be 0,1,2,3 or -2, where -2 uses the default cpuid for process.

== svcStartThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Starts the thread for the provided handle.

== svcExitThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Exits the current thread.

== svcSleepThread ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Nano
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Sleep for a specified amount of time, or yield thread.

Setting nano=0 means "yield thread".

== svcGetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || Priority
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get priority of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadPriority ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0|| Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1|| u32 || Priority
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set priority of provided thread handle.

Priority is a number 0-0x3F. Lower value means higher priority.

== svcGetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || Out0
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || Out1
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcSetThreadCoreMask ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Thread> || Handle
|-
| (In) W1 || u32 || In0
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || In1
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Set affinity mask of provided thread handle.

== svcGetCurrentProcessorNumber ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) W0/X0 || u64 || CpuId
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Get which cpu is executing the current thread.

Cpu-id is an integer in the range 0-3.

== svcMapSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the block supplied by the handle. The required permissions are different for the process that created the handle and all other processes.

Increases reference count for the KSharedMemory object. Thus in order to release the memory associated with the object, all handles to it must be closed and all mappings must be unmapped.

== svcCreateTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<TransferMemory> || Handle
|}
</div>

This one reprotects the src block with perms you give it. It also sets bit0 into [[#MemoryAttribute]].

Executable bit perm not allowed.

Closing all handles automatically causes the bit0 in [[#MemoryAttribute]] to clear, and the permission to reset.

== svcWaitSynchronization ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle* || HandlesPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || HandlesNum
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || u64 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

Works with num_handles <= 0x40, error on num_handles == 0.

Does not accept 0xFFFF8001 or 0xFFFF8000 as handles.

=== Object types ===

'''Port:''' signals when there is an incoming connection waiting to be [[#svcAcceptSession|accepted]].

'''Session (server-side):''' signals when there is an incoming message waiting to be [[#svcReplyAndReceive|received]] or the pipe is closed.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. One of the objects was signalled before the timeout expired. Handle index is updated to indicate which object signalled.

'''0xe401:''' Invalid handle. Returned when one of the handles passed is invalid. Handle index is not updated.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. Returned when no objects have been signalled within the timeout. Handle index is not updated.

== svcGetSystemTick ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (Out) X0 || u64 || Ticks
|}
</div>

Returns the value of cntpct_el0.

The frequency is 19200000 Hz (constant from official sw).

Official sw reads cntpct_el0 directly from usermode without using this SVC. [[ExeFS|sdk-nso]] has this SVC, but it's not known to be called anywhere.

== svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || CmdPtr
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Session> || Handle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must be 0x1000-aligned.

== svcBreak ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || Break Reason
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 ||
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Info
|-
| (Out) ? || ? || ?
|}
</div>

When used on retail where inx0 bit31 is clear, the system will throw a [[Error_codes|fatal-error]]. Otherwise when bit31 is set, it will return 0 and notify the debugger?

== svcGetInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Process || 0 || 0 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| Process || 1 || 0 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| Process || 2 || 0 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 3 || 0 || MapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 4 || 0 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 5 || 0 || HeapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 6 || 0 || TotalMemoryAvailable. Total memory available(free+used).
|-
| Process || 7 || 0 || TotalMemoryUsage. Total used size of codebin memory + main-thread stack + allocated heap.
|-
| Zero || 8 || 0 || IsCurrentProcessBeingDebugged
|-
| Zero || 9 || 0 || Returns ResourceLimit handle for current process. Used by [[Process_Manager_services|PM]].
|-
| Zero || 10 || -1, {current coreid} || IdleTickCount
|-
| Zero || 11 || 0-3 || RandomEntropy from current process. TRNG. Used to seed usermode PRNGs.
|-
| Process || 12 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 13 || 0 || [2.0.0+] AddressSpaceSize
|-
| Process || 14 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| Process || 15 || 0 || [2.0.0+] NewMapRegionSize
|-
| Process || 16 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapSize
|-
| Process || 17 || 0 || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapUsage
|-
| Process || 18 || 0 || [3.0.0+] TitleId
|-
| Zero || 19 || 0 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 19 || 1 || [4.0.0-4.1.0] PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
| Process || 20 || 0 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|-
| Thread || 0xF0000002 || 0 || Performance counter related.
|}

== svcMapPhysicalMemory ==
This is like svcSetHeapSize except you can allocate heap at any address you'd like.

Uses current process pool partition.

== svcDumpInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) None || ||
|-
| (Out) None || ||
|}
</div>

Does nothing, just returns with registers set to all-zero.

== svcAcceptSession ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Port> || Port
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<ServerSession> || Session
|}
</div>

=== Result codes ===

'''0xf201:''' No session waiting to be accepted

== svcReplyAndReceive ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || *Handle<Port or ServerSession> || Handles
|-
| (In) W2 || u32 || NumHandles
|-
| (In) W3 || Handle<ServerSession> || ReplyTarget
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 (nanoseconds) || Timeout
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Result
|-
| (Out) W1 || u32 || HandleIndex
|}
</div>

If ReplyTarget is not zero, a reply from the TLS will be sent to that session.
Then it will wait until either of the passed sessions has an incoming message, is closed, a passed port has an incoming connection, or the timeout expires.
If there is an incoming message, it is copied to the TLS.

After being validated, passed handles will be enumerated in order; even if a session has been closed, if one that appears earlier in the list has an incoming message, it will take priority and a result code of 0x0 will be returned.

=== Result codes ===

'''0x0:''' Success. Either a session has an incoming message or a port has an incoming connection. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

'''0xea01:''' Timeout. No handles were signalled before the timeout expired. HandleIndex is not updated.

'''0xf601:''' Port remote dead. One of the sessions has been closed. HandleIndex is set appropriately.

== svcMapPhysicalMemoryUnsafe ==
Same as [[#svcMapPhysicalMemory]] except it always uses pool partition 0.

== svcCreateCodeMemory ==
Takes an address range with backing memory to create the code memory object.

The memory is initially memset to 0xFF after being locked.

== svcControlCodeMemory ==
Maps the backing memory for a Code memory object into the current process.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner]], memory permission must be RW-.

For [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave]], memory permission must be R-- or R-X.

Operations [[#CodeMemoryOperation|CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner/CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave]] unmap memory that was previously mapped this way.

This allows one "secure JIT" process to map the code memory as RW-, and the other "slave" process to map it R-X.

[5.0.0+] Error 0xE401 is now returned when the process owner of the Code memory object is the same as the current process.

== svcReadWriteRegister ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || RegAddr
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || RwMask
|-
| (In) W3 || u64 || InValue
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1|| u64 || OutValue
|}
</div>

Read/write IO registers with a hardcoded whitelist. Input address is physical-address and must be aligned to 4.

rw_mask is 0 for reading and 0xffffffff for writing. You can also write individual bits by using a mask value.

You can only write to registers inside physical pages 0x70019000 (MC), 0x7001C000 (MC0), 0x7001D000 (MC1), and they all share the same whitelist.

The whitelist is same for writing as for reading.

The whitelist is:

0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09c, 0x0a0, 0x0a4, 0x0a8, 0x0ac, 0x0b0, 0x0b4, 0x0b8, 0x0bc, 0x0c0, 0x0c4, 0x0c8, 0x0d0, 0x0d4, 0x0d8, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10c, 0x118, 0x11c, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12c, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13c, 0x158, 0x15c, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16c, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17c, 0x200, 0x204, 0x2e4, 0x2e8, 0x2ec, 0x2f4, 0x2f8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37c, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3ac, 0x3b8, 0x3bc, 0x3c0, 0x3c4, 0x3d8, 0x3e8, 0x41c, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42c, 0x430, 0x44c, 0x47c, 0x480, 0x484, 0x50c, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55c, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69c, 0x6a0, 0x6a4, 0x6c0, 0x6c4, 0x6f0, 0x6f4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0xa20, 0xa24, 0xb88, 0xb8c, 0xbc4, 0xbc8, 0xbcc, 0xbd0, 0xbd4, 0xbd8, 0xbdc, 0xbe0, 0xbe4, 0xbe8, 0xbec, 0xc00, 0xc5c, 0xcac

[2.0.0+] Whitelist was extended with 0x4c4, 0x4c8, 0x4cc, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58c.

[2.0.0+] The IO registers in range 0x7000E400 (PMC) size 0xC00 skip the whitelist, and do a TrustZone call using [[SMC]] Id1 0xC3000008(ReadWriteRegister).

[4.0.0+] Access to the Memory Controller (0x70019000) also uses smcReadWriteRegister.

Here is the whitelist imposed by that SMC, relative to the start of the PMC registers:

0x000, 0x00c, 0x010, 0x014, 0x01c, 0x020, 0x02c, 0x030, 0x034, 0x038, 0x03c, 0x040, 0x044, 0x048, 0x0dc, 0x0e0, 0x0e4, 0x160, 0x164, 0x168, 0x170, 0x1a8, 0x1b8, 0x1bc, 0x1c0, 0x1c4, 0x1c8, 0x2b4, 0x2d4, 0x440, 0x4d8

Here is the whitelist imposed by smcReadWriteRegister (checked in addition to the whitelist in svcReadWriteRegister), relative to the start of the MC registers:

0x000, 0x004, 0x008, 0x00C, 0x010, 0x01C, 0x020, 0x030, 0x034, 0x050, 0x054, 0x090, 0x094, 0x098, 0x09C, 0x0A0, 0x0A4, 0x0A8, 0x0AC, 0x0B0, 0x0B4, 0x0B8, 0x0BC, 0x0C0, 0x0C4, 0x0C8, 0x0D0, 0x0D4, 0x0D8, 0x0DC, 0x0E0, 0x100, 0x108, 0x10C, 0x118, 0x11C, 0x124, 0x128, 0x12C, 0x130, 0x134, 0x138, 0x13C, 0x158, 0x15C, 0x164, 0x168, 0x16C, 0x170, 0x174, 0x178, 0x17C, 0x200, 0x204, 0x238, 0x240, 0x244, 0x250, 0x254, 0x258, 0x264, 0x268, 0x26C, 0x270, 0x274, 0x280, 0x284, 0x288, 0x28C, 0x294, 0x2E4, 0x2E8, 0x2EC, 0x2F4, 0x2F8, 0x310, 0x314, 0x320, 0x328, 0x344, 0x348, 0x370, 0x374, 0x37C, 0x380, 0x390, 0x394, 0x398, 0x3AC, 0x3B8, 0x3BC, 0x3C0, 0x3C4, 0x3D8, 0x3E8, 0x41C, 0x420, 0x424, 0x428, 0x42C, 0x430, 0x44C, 0x47C, 0x480, 0x484, 0x4C4, 0x4C8, 0x4CC, 0x50C, 0x554, 0x558, 0x55C, 0x584, 0x588, 0x58C, 0x670, 0x674, 0x690, 0x694, 0x698, 0x69C, 0x6A0, 0x6A4, 0x6C0, 0x6C4, 0x6F0, 0x6F4, 0x960, 0x970, 0x974, 0x9B8, 0xA20, 0xA24, 0xA88, 0xA94, 0xA98, 0xA9C, 0xAA0, 0xAA4, 0xAA8, 0xAAC, 0xAB0, 0xAB4, 0xAB8, 0xABC, 0xAC0, 0xAC4, 0xAC8, 0xACC, 0xAD0, 0xAD4, 0xAD8, 0xADC, 0xAE0, 0xB88, 0xB8C, 0xBC4, 0xBC8, 0xBCC, 0xBD0, 0xBD4, 0xBD8, 0xBDC, 0xBE0, 0xBE4, 0xBE8, 0xBEC, 0xC00, 0xC5C, 0xCAC

== svcCreateSharedMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W2 || [[#Permission]] || LocalPerm
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || RemotePerm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<SharedMemory> || MemHandle
|}
</div>

Other perm can be used to enforce permission 1, 3, or 0x10000000 if don't care.

Allocates memory from the current process' pool partition.

== svcMapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

The newly mapped pages will have [[#MemoryState]] type 0xE.

You must pass same size and permissions as given in svcCreateMemoryMirror, otherwise error.

== svcUnmapTransferMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || Handle<TransferMemory> || MemHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || void* || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Size must match size given in map syscall, otherwise there's an invalid-size error.

== svcQueryPhysicalAddress ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]]|| Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (Out) X2 || u64 || KernelAddr
|-
| (Out) X3 || u64 || Size
|}
</div>

== svcQueryIoMapping ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || PhysAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || void* || VirtAddr
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Returns a virtual address mapped to a given IO range.

== svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || StartAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || EndAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || AddressSpaceHandle
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Creates a virtual address space for binding device address spaces and returns a handle.

dev_as_start_addr is normally set to 0 and dev_as_end_addr is normally set to 0xFFFFFFFF.

== svcAttachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Attaches a device address space to a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcDetachDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || [[#DeviceName]] || DeviceId
|-
| (In) X1 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Detaches a device address space from a [[#DeviceName|device]].

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

dev_map_addr is the userspace destination address, while dev_as_addr is the source address between dev_as_start_addr and dev_as_end_addr (passed to [[#svcCreateDeviceAddressSpace]]).

The userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAllowed]] bit set. Bit [[SVC#MemoryAttribute|IsDeviceMapped]] will be set after mapping.

== svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (In) W5 || [[#Permission]] || Permissions
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Maps an attached device address space to an userspace address.

Same as [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]], but the userspace destination address must have the [[SVC#MemoryState|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]] bit set instead.

== svcUnmapDeviceAddressSpace ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<DeviceAddressSpace> || DeviceAsHandle
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || DeviceAsSize
|-
| (In) X4 || u64 || DeviceAsAddr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

'''Description:''' Unmaps an attached device address space from an userspace address.

== svcGetSystemInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || InfoId
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle || Handle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || InfoSubId
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) X1 || u64 || Out
|}
</div>

{| class=wikitable
! Handle type || Id0 || Id1 || Description
|-
| Zero || 0 || 0 || TotalMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 0 || 1 || TotalMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 0 || 2 || TotalMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 0 || 3 || TotalMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 1 || 0 || CurrentMemorySize_Application
|-
| Zero || 1 || 1 || CurrentMemorySize_Applet
|-
| Zero || 1 || 2 || CurrentMemorySize_System
|-
| Zero || 1 || 3 || CurrentMemorySize_SystemUnsafe
|-
| Zero || 2 || 0 || PrivilegedProcessId_LowerBound
|-
| Zero || 2 || 1 || PrivilegedProcessId_UpperBound
|-
|}

== svcSetProcessMemoryPermission ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || Size
|-
| (In) W3 || void* || Perm
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

This sets the memory permissions for the specified memory with the supplied process handle.

This throws an error(0xD801) when the input perm is >0x5, hence -WX and RWX are not allowed.

== svcMapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || void* || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Maps the src address from the supplied process handle into the current process.

This allows mapping code and rodata with RW- permission.

== svcUnmapProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || void* || DstAddr
|-
| (In) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].

== svcQueryProcessMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X0 || [[#MemoryInfo]]* || MemInfoPtr
|-
| (In) W2 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Addr
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || PageInfo || PageInfo
|}
</div>

Equivalent to [[#svcQueryMemory]] except takes a process handle.

== svcMapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Takes a process handle, and maps normal heap in that process as executable code in that process. Used when loading NROs. This does not support using the current-process handle alias.

== svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (In) X1 || u64 || DstAddr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || Size
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Unmaps what was mapped by [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].

== svcCreateProcess ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) X1 || [[#CreateProcessInfo]]* || InfoPtr
|-
| (In) X2 || u64 || CapabilitiesPtr
|-
| (In) X3 || u64 || CapabilitiesNum
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|}
</div>

Takes a [[#CreateProcessInfo]] as input.

== svcGetProcessInfo ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || Handle<Process> || ProcessHandle
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|-
| (Out) W1 || [[#ProcessState]] || State
|}
</div>

Returns an enum with value 0-7.

== Debugging ==
[2.0.0+] Exactly 6 debug SVCs require that [[SPL_services#GetConfig|IsDebugMode]] is non-zero. Error 0x4201 is returned otherwise.
* svcBreakDebugProcess
* svcContinueDebugEvent
* svcWriteDebugProcessMemory
* svcSetDebugThreadContext
* svcTerminateDebugProcess
* svcSetHardwareBreakPoint

svcDebugActiveProcess stops execution of the target process, the normal method for resuming it requires svcContinueDebugEvent(see above). Closing the debug handle also results in execution being resumed.

== svcSetHardwareBreakPoint ==

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Argument || Type || Name
|-
| (In) W0 || u32 || hardware_breakpoint_id
|-
| (In) W1 || u64 || flags
|-
| (In) W2 || u64 || value
|-
| (Out) W0 || [[#Result]] || Ret
|}
</div>

Sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. The nintendo switch has 6 hardware breakpoints, and 4 hardware watchpoints. The syscall has two behaviors depending on the value of hardware_breakpoint_id:

If hardware_breakpoint_id < 0x10, then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware breakpoints. Flags will go to DBGBCRn_EL1, and value to DBGBVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0x7F01E1. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x4004, in order to set various security flags to guarantee the watchpoints only triggers for code in EL0. If the user asks for a Breakpoint Type of ContextIDR match, the kernel shall use the given debug_handle to set DBGBVRn_EL1 to the ContextID of the debugged process.

If hardware_breakpoint_id is between 0x10 and 0x20 (exclusive), then it sets one of the AArch64 hardware watchpoints. Flags will go to DBGWCRn_EL1, and the value to DBGWVRn_EL1. The only flags the user is allowed to set are those in the bitmask 0xFF0F1FF9. Furthermore, the kernel will or it with 0x104004. This will set various security flags, and set the watchpoint type to be a Linked Watchpoint. This means that you need to link it to a Linked ContextIDR breakpoint. Check the ARM documentation for more information.

Note that hardware_breakpoint_id 0 to 4 match only to Virtual Address, while hardware_breakpoint_id 5 and 6 match against either Virtual Address, ContextID, or VMID. As such, if you are configuring a breakpoint to link for a watchpoint, make sure you use hardware_breakpoint_id 5 or 6.

For more documentation for hardware breakpoints, check out the AArch64 documentation for the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455558968.html DBGBCRn_EL1 register] and the [http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0488h/way1382455560629.html DBGWCRn_EL1 register]

= Enum/Structures =
== ThreadContextRequestFlags ==
Bitfield of one of more of these:

{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Name
|-
| 0 || 1 || NormalContext
|-
| 1 || 2 ||
|-
| 2 || 4 ||
|-
| 3 || 8 ||
|}

== DeviceName ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DeviceName_AFI
|-
| 1 || DeviceName_AVPC
|-
| 2 || DeviceName_DC
|-
| 3 || DeviceName_DCB
|-
| 4 || DeviceName_HC
|-
| 5 || DeviceName_HDA
|-
| 6 || DeviceName_ISP2
|-
| 7 || DeviceName_MSENCNVENC
|-
| 8 || DeviceName_NV
|-
| 9 || DeviceName_NV2
|-
| 10 || DeviceName_PPCS
|-
| 11 || DeviceName_SATA
|-
| 12 || DeviceName_VI
|-
| 13 || DeviceName_VIC
|-
| 14 || DeviceName_XUSB_HOST
|-
| 15 || DeviceName_XUSB_DEV
|-
| 16 || DeviceName_TSEC
|-
| 17 || DeviceName_PPCS1
|-
| 18 || DeviceName_DC1
|-
| 19 || DeviceName_SDMMC1A
|-
| 20 || DeviceName_SDMMC2A
|-
| 21 || DeviceName_SDMMC3A
|-
| 22 || DeviceName_SDMMC4A
|-
| 23 || DeviceName_ISP2B
|-
| 24 || DeviceName_GPU
|-
| 25 || DeviceName_GPUB
|-
| 26 || DeviceName_PPCS2
|-
| 27 || DeviceName_NVDEC
|-
| 28 || DeviceName_APE
|-
| 29 || DeviceName_SE
|-
| 30 || DeviceName_NVJPG
|-
| 31 || DeviceName_HC1
|-
| 32 || DeviceName_SE1
|-
| 33 || DeviceName_AXIAP
|-
| 34 || DeviceName_ETR
|-
| 35 || DeviceName_TSECB
|-
| 36 || DeviceName_TSEC1
|-
| 37 || DeviceName_TSECB1
|-
| 38 || DeviceName_NVDEC1
|}

== CodeMemoryOperation ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapOwner
|-
| 1 || CodeMemoryOperation_MapSlave
|-
| 2 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapOwner
|-
| 3 || CodeMemoryOperation_UnmapSlave
|}

== LimitableResource ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || LimitableResource_Memory
|-
| 1 || LimitableResource_Threads
|-
| 2 || LimitableResource_Events
|-
| 3 || LimitableResource_TransferMemories
|-
| 4 || LimitableResource_Sessions
|}

== ProcessEvent ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name || Notes
|-
| 0 || ProcessEvent_Created ||
|-
| 1 || ProcessEvent_DebugAttached ||
|-
| 2 || ProcessEvent_DebugDetached ||
|-
| 3 || ProcessEvent_Crashed || Processes will not enter this state unless they were created with [[#CreateProcessInfo|EnableDebug]].
|-
| 4 || ProcessEvent_Running ||
|-
| 5 || ProcessEvent_Exiting ||
|-
| 6 || ProcessEvent_Exited ||
|-
| 7 || ProcessEvent_DebugSuspended ||
|}

== DebugThreadParam ==
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugThreadParam_ActualPriority
|-
| 1 ||
|-
| 2 || DebugThreadParam_CpuCore
|-
| 3 ||
|-
| 4 || DebugThreadParam_CoreMask
|}

== CreateProcessInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || 12 || || ProcessName (doesn't have to be null-terminated)
|-
| 0 || 4 || || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x10 || 8 || || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || 8 || || CodeAddr
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || || CodeNumPages
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || || MmuFlags
|-
| || || Bit0 || IsAarch64
|-
| || || Bit3-1 || [[#AddressSpaceType]]
|-
| || || Bit4 || [2.0.0+] EnableDebug
|-
| || || Bit5 || EnableAslr
|-
| || || Bit6 || UseSystemMemBlocks
|-
| || || Bit7 || [4.0.0] ?
|-
| || || Bit10-7 || [5.0.0+] PoolPartition (0=Application, 1=Applet, 2=Sysmodule, 3=Nvservices)
|-
| 0x28 || 4 || || ResourceLimitHandle
|-
| 0x2C || 4 || || [3.0.0+] PersonalMmHeapNumPages
|}

On [1.0.0] there's only one pool.

On [2.0.0-4.0.0] PoolPartition is 1 for built-ins and 0 for rest.

On [5.0.0] PoolPartition is specified in CreateProcessArgs. There are now 4 pool partitions.

=== AddressSpaceType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Type || Name || Width || Description
|-
| 0 || Normal_32Bit || 32 ||
|-
| 1 || Normal_36Bit || 36 ||
|-
| 2 || WithoutMap_32Bit || 32 || Appears to be missing map region [?]
|-
| 3 || [2.0.0+] Normal_39Bit || 39 ||
|}

== MemoryInfo ==
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || 8 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || 8 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || 4 || MemoryType: lower 8 bits of [[#MemoryState]]
|-
| 0x14 || 4 || [[#MemoryAttribute]]
|-
| 0x18 || 4 || Permission (bit0: R, bit1: W, bit2: X)
|-
| 0x1C || 4 || IpcRefCount
|-
| 0x20 || 4 || DeviceRefCount
|-
| 0x24 || 4 || Padding: always zero
|}

== MemoryAttribute ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 0 || IsBorrowed
|-
| 1 || IsIpcMapped: when IpcRefCount > 0.
|-
| 2 || IsDeviceMapped: when DeviceRefCount > 0.
|-
| 3 || IsUncached
|}

== MemoryState ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bits || Description
|-
| 7-0 || Type
|-
| 8 || [[#svcSetMemoryPermission|PermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 9 || ForceReadWritableByDebugSyscalls
|-
| 10 || IpcSendAllowed_Type0
|-
| 11 || IpcSendAllowed_Type3
|-
| 12 || IpcSendAllowed_Type1
|-
| 14 || [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission|ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 15 || [[#svcMapMemory|MapAllowed]]
|-
| 16 || [[#svcUnmapProcessCodeMemory|UnmapProcessCodeMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 17 || [[#svcCreateTransferMemory|TransferMemoryAllowed]]
|-
| 18 || [[#svcQueryPhysicalAddress|QueryPhysicalAddressAllowed]]
|-
| 19 || MapDeviceAllowed ([[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpace]] and [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceByForce]])
|-
| 20 || [[#svcMapDeviceAddressSpaceAligned|MapDeviceAlignedAllowed]]
|-
| 21 || [[#svcSendSyncRequestWithUserBuffer|IpcBufferAllowed]]
|-
| 22 || IsPoolAllocated/IsReferenceCounted
|-
| 23 || [[#svcMapProcessMemory|MapProcessAllowed]]
|-
| 24 || [[#svcSetMemoryAttribute|AttributeChangeAllowed]]
|-
| 25 || [4.0.0+] CodeMemoryAllowed
|}

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type || Meaning
|-
| 0x00000000 || MemoryType_Unmapped ||
|-
| 0x00002001 || MemoryType_Io || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00042002 || MemoryType_Normal || Mapped by kernel capability parsing in [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| 0x00DC7E03 || MemoryType_CodeStatic || Mapped during [[#svcCreateProcess]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FEBD04

[4.0.0+]

0x03FEBD04
|| MemoryType_CodeMutable || Transition from 0xDC7E03 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]
0x017EBD05

[4.0.0+]

0x037EBD05
|| MemoryType_Heap || Mapped using [[#svcSetHeapSize]].
|-
| 0x00402006 || MemoryType_SharedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapSharedMemory]].
|-
| 0x00482907 || [1.0.0] MemoryType_WeirdMappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x00DD7E08 || MemoryType_ModuleCodeStatic || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessCodeMemory]].
|-
| [1.0.0+]

0x01FFBD09

[4.0.0+]

0x03FFBD09
|| MemoryType_ModuleCodeMutable || Transition from 0xDD7E08 performed by [[#svcSetProcessMemoryPermission]].
|-
| 0x005C3C0A || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer0]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=0.
|-
| 0x005C3C0B || MemoryType_MappedMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapMemory]].
|-
| 0x0040200C || [[Thread Local Storage|MemoryType_ThreadLocal]] || Mapped during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x015C3C0D || MemoryType_TransferMemoryIsolated || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm=0.
|-
| 0x005C380E || MemoryType_TransferMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapTransferMemory]] when the owning process has perm!=0.
|-
| 0x0040380F || MemoryType_ProcessMemory || Mapped using [[#svcMapProcessMemory]].
|-
| 0x00000010 || MemoryType_Reserved ||
|-
| 0x005C3811 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer1]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=1.
|-
| 0x004C2812 || [[IPC_Marshalling|MemoryType_IpcBuffer3]] || IPC buffers with descriptor flags=3.
|-
| 0x00002013 || MemoryType_KernelStack || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcCreateThread]].
|-
| 0x00402214 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeReadOnly || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|-
| 0x00402015 || [4.0.0+] MemoryType_CodeWritable || Mapped in kernel during [[#svcControlCodeMemory]].
|}

== ArbitrationType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || WaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x1 || DecrementAndWaitIfLessThan
|-
| 0x2 || WaitIfEqual
|-
|}

== SignalType ==

{| class=wikitable
! Value || Type
|-
| 0x0 || Signal
|-
| 0x1 || SignalAndIncrementIfEqual
|-
| 0x2 || SignalAndModifyBasedOnWaitingThreadCountIfEqual
|-
|}

== ContinueDebugFlags ==
{| class=wikitable
! Bit || Bitmask || Description
|-
| 0 || 1 || CancelSynchronization (only if ResumeAllThreads is set; cancels with error 0x6C01)
|-
| 1 || 2 || SwallowException
|-
| 2 || 4 || ResumeAllThreads
|}

== DebugEventInfo ==

Size: 0x40

{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 4 || u32 || Flags (bit0: NeedsContinue)
|-
| 8 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x10 || || PerTypeSpecifics
|}

AttachProcess specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x20 || char[12] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MmuFlags
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || [5.0.0+] UserExceptionContextAddr
|}

AttachThread specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TlsPtr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || Entrypoint
|}

Exit specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u32|| Type (0=PausedThread, 1=RunningThread, 2=TerminatedProcess)
|}

Exception specific:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || ExceptionType
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || FaultRegister
|-
| 0x20 || || PerExceptionSpecifics
|}

=== DebugEventType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || DebugEvent_AttachProcess
|-
| 1 || DebugEvent_AttachThread
|-
| 2 ||
|-
| 3 || DebugEvent_Exit
|-
| 4 || DebugEvent_Exception
|}

=== DebugExceptionType ===
{| class=wikitable
! Value || Name
|-
| 0 || Exception_UndefinedInstruction
|-
| 1 || Exception_InstructionAbort
|-
| 2 || Exception_DataAbortMisc
|-
| 3 || Exception_PcSpAlignmentFault
|-
| 4 || Exception_DebuggerAttached
|-
| 5 || Exception_BreakPoint
|-
| 6 || Exception_UserBreak
|-
| 7 || Exception_DebuggerBreak
|-
| 8 || Exception_BadSvcId
|}

UndefinedInstruction specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Opcode
|}

BreakPoint specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || IsWatchpoint
|}

UserBreak specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || Info0
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || Info1
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || Info2
|}

BadSvcId specifics:
{| class=wikitable
! Offset || Length || Description
|-
| 0x20 || u32 || SvcId
|}

= Exception handling =
There is userland code for handling exceptions, however this doesn't seem to be executed on retail mode.

When a usermode exception occurs, it jumps to the main code binary entrypoint (main_binary_address + 0 == '''_start''').

During normal boot '''_start''' is invoked with X0=0 and X1=main_thread_handle (triggering normal crt0 setup).
During an usermode exception '''_start''' is invoked with X0=exception_info0_ptr and X1=exception_info1_ptr instead.

The '''_start''' method determines whether to boot normally or handle an exception if X0 is set to 0 or not.

Switch System Flaws

2018-08-06T16:06:32Z

TuxSH: Kernel GetLastThreadInfo: There was no such flaw. Textbox too small to fit, see: https://gist.github.com/TuxSH/242416cff54a95c3ffe5aab41206177e

Exploits are used to execute unofficial code (homebrew) on the Nintendo Switch. This page is a list of publicly known Switch system flaws.

For userland applications/applets flaws see [[Switch_Userland_Flaws|here]].

= System flaws =
== Hardware ==
Flaws in this category pertain to the underlying hardware that powers the Switch.

This includes components shared across Tegra based devices such as the [[TSEC]], the [[Security_Engine|Security Engine]], the [[GPU]] and so on.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Summary
! Description
! Fixed with hardware model/revision
! Newest hardware model/revision this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| CVE-2018-6242 (leveraged by the ShofEL2 and Fusée Gelée exploits)
| The USB software stack provided inside the boot instruction rom (IROM/bootROM) contains a copy operation whose length can be controlled by an attacker. By carefully constructing a USB control request, an attacker can leverage this vulnerability to copy the contents of an attacker-controlled buffer over the active execution stack, gaining control of the Boot and Power Management processor (BPMP) before any lock-outs or privilege reductions occur. This execution can then be used to exfiltrate secrets and to load arbitrary code onto the main CPU Complex (CCPLEX) "application processors" at the highest possible level of privilege (typically as the TrustZone Secure Monitor at PL3/EL3).
| Unknown (Tegra186 and Tegra214)
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| January 2018
| April 23, 2018
| [[User:Shuffle2|shuffle2]] and fail0verflow (originally),<br> [[User:Ktemkin|ktemkin]] and ReSwitched Team (independently),<br> [[User:Naehrwert|naehrwert]] (independently),<br> [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]] (independently),<br> st4rk with [[User:Shinyquagsire23|Shiny Quagsire]] and Dazzozo (independently),<br> and many others (independently).
|-
| GMMU DMA attack
| The Switch's GPU includes a separate MMU (GMMU) that is allowed to bypass the system's IOMMU (SMMU). By accessing the GPU's MMIO region and manipulating the page table entries in the GMMU, an attacker can read/write any portion of the DRAM (except memory carveouts).

[5.0.0+] Works around this hardware flaw by using memory pool partitioning. You can no longer escalate into sysmodules with GPU DMA because all their memory is allocated using heap that's carved out.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| Summer 2017
| December 28, 2017
| [[User:hexkyz|hexkyz]], [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Weak Security Engine context validation
| The Tegra X1 supports a "deep sleep" feature, where everything but DRAM and the PMC registers lose their content (and the SoC loses power). Upon awaking, the bootrom re-executes, restoring system state. Among these stored states is the Security Engine's saved state, which uses AES-128-CBC with a random key and all-zeroes IV. However, the bootrom doesn't perform a MAC on this data, and only validates the last block. This allows one to control most of security engine's state upon wakeup, if one has a way to modify the encrypted state buffer.

With a way to modify the encrypted state buffer, one can thus dump keys from "write-only" keyslots, etc.

This also bypasses the SBK protection of the bootROM: indeed, at warmboot, bootROM will always clear keyslot 0xE to prevent malicious code from saving the SBK. Moving the SBK to another keyslot in the saved context renders this protection moot.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| December 2017
| January 20, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| Security Engine keyslots vulnerable to partial overwrite attack
|
The Tegra X1 security engine supports writing keyslot data to the engine with syntax as follows:

SECURITY_ENGINE->AES_KEYTABLE_ADDR = (keyslot << 4) | (dword_index_in_keyslot);

SECURITY_ENGINE->AES_KEYTABLE_DATA = readle32(key, dword_index_in_keyslot * 4);

However, the Security Engine flushes writes to the internal key tables immediately when AES_KEYTABLE_DATA is written -- this allows one to overwrite a single dword of a key at a time, and thus brute force the contents of keyslots in time (2^32 * 8) = 2^35 instead of 2^256.
| None
| HAC-001 (Tegra210)
| Theorized Summer 2017 due to suggestive syntax, confirmed April 9, 2018
| April 9, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], almost surely others (independently).
|}

== Software ==
=== Bootloader ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any bootloader component such as the [[Package1#Package1ldr|package1ldr]], the [[Package1#Section_1|NX bootloader]] or the [[Package1#Section_0|warmboot binary]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Null-dereference in panic()
| The Switch's stage 1 bootloader, on panic(), clears the stack and then attempts to clear the Security Engine. However, it does so by dereferencing a pointer to the SE in .bss (initially NULL), and this pointer doesn't get initialized until partway into the bootloader's main() after several functions that might panic() are called. Thus, a panic() caused prior to SE initialization would result in the SE pointer still being NULL when dereferenced.
The BPMP doesn't have an active MPU and the bus won't data abort on an invalid address, so no exception will be entered: it'll end up overwriting some exception vectors with NULL before halting.

In 3.0.0, this was fixed by moving the security engine initialization earlier in main(), before the first function that could potentially panic().
| Some exception vectors overwritten with NULL, before SBK/other keyslots are cleared. Probably useless for anything more interesting.
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| Early July, 2017
| July 30, 2017
| Everyone who diff'd 2.3.0 and 3.0.0 Package1
|-
| FUSE_DIS_PGM not written by package1
| The switch's hardware fuse driver contains a write-once bit in a register called "FUSE_DIS_PGM", which disables burning fuses until the next reboot. While Nintendo's bootloader code for waking up from sleep writes this on all firmware, the actual package1 initial bootloader forgets to write to it on cold reboot.

This isn't too big of a problem because another fuse is burnt on retail devices (production mode), which prevents burning *all* fuses other than ODM_RESERVED ones in hardware.

This was fixed in 3.0.0 by writing to the register on cold boot (although the write happens in TZ instead of package1 where it should take place, possibly to obfuscate the fact that they made this mistake).
| Burning arbitrary ODM reserved fuses with TZ code execution, which should never be possible for non-bootloader code.

Warning: one could irreparably brick one's console by playing with this.
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| Late summer/early fall 2017
| December 31, 2017
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| TSEC firmware compromises itself
| Package1ldr loads a firmware blob into TSEC early on boot. This piece of code runs on the TSEC in Authenticated Mode and has the sole purpose of generating the per-console TSEC key (see [[Cryptosystem]]).

As a way to mitigate attacks, the TSEC firmware blob is split into 3 stages: [[TSEC#Stage_0|Stage 0]] which is unencrypted and unsigned, [[TSEC#Stage_1|Stage 1]] which is unencrypted but signed and [[TSEC#Stage_2|Stage 2]] which is encrypted and signed.
Stage 0 loads a static pre-generated signature into the Falcon's CPU crypto registers, loads Stage 1 into the Falcon's CODE region and jumps to it. Execution will proceed into Stage 1 in Authenticated Mode if, and only if, the loaded signature matches the one Falcon calculates internally for Stage 1.

Among various things, Stage 1 will attempt to do a "backwards" security check by calculating a CMAC over Stage 0 and comparing it with a known hash stored in the TSEC firmware's key data (a small buffer stored after Stage 0's code). If the hashes don't match, execution aborts.

Stage 1 stores the calculated Stage 0's CMAC in the stack, but forgets to clear it. Since the stack is located in Falcon's DATA region, loading the TSEC firmware blob and dumping the DATA region afterwards (via MMIO) will reveal the calculated hash.
This allows using Stage 1 as an oracle to generate a valid CMAC for arbitrary Stage 0 code. Replacing the CMAC in the TSEC firmware's key data region results in Stage 1 accepting any Stage 0 code, thus rendering this security measure useless.

Additionally, since signed Falcon code can't be revoked without an hardware revision, an attacker can always reuse the flawed Stage 1 code even if a fix is issued.
| Running TSEC firmware's Stage 1 in a user controlled environment. Mostly useless, but may aid in side-channel attacks.
| None
| [[5.0.2]]
| January 2018
| April 29, 2018
| [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]]
|-
|}

=== TrustZone ===
Flaws in this category pertain exclusively to the [[Package1#Section_2|Secure Monitor]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Non-atomic mutexes
| When an [[SMC]] is called, TrustZone sets a global variable to mark that an SMC is in progress, so that two SMCs using shared resources (like the security engine) do not trample on one another. On 1.0.0, this global variable was written using non-atomic writes, and thus a race condition is possible.

However, the SMC handler enforces that all SMCs must be called from core #3, unless the top-level handler ID is 1 (SMCs internal to the kernel). Thus, the only SMCs that can be run side-by-side are [any userland smc] and smcGetRandomBytesForKernel, and this turns out to not really be abusable.
| Mostly useless. Maybe some oob-write into unused (and thus useless) memory if running smcGetRandomBytesForKernel and smcGetRandomBytesForUser at the same time.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| December 2017 (Probably earlier by others)
| January 18, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], probably others.
|-
| jamais vu (non-secure world access to PMC MMIO and pre-deep sleep firmware)
| On [[1.0.0]], one could map in the PMC registers in userland. In addition, [[AM_services|am]] ran a little-kernel based firmware on the BPMP at runtime. With code execution under am, one could modify the BPMP's little-kernel firmware to hook deep sleep entry, and modify TrustZone/Security engine state.

This was fixed in [[2.0.0]] by making the PMC secure-world only, blacklisting the BPMP's exception vectors from being mapped, and thoroughly checking for malicious behavior on deep sleep entry.
| Arbitrary TrustZone code execution.
| [[2.0.0]]
| [[2.0.0]]
| December, 2017
| January 20, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]]
|-
| Missed BPMP Exception Vector Writes
| Starting in [[2.0.0]], the BPMP is asleep at runtime, and is turned on by TrustZone during [[SMC|smcCpuSuspend]] in order to initiate the deep sleep process. When it does so, it is held in RESET, and TrustZone attempts to write to the BPMP exception vectors at 0x6000F200 to register EVP_RESET = lp0_entry_fw_crt0, and all other EVPs to a function that simply reboots. However, while they successfully write EVP_RESET, they miss all the other vectors, accidentally writing to the 0x6000F004-0x6000F020 region instead of the 0x6000F204-0x6000F220 region they want to write to. This results in all the exception vectors for the BPMP other than RESET being "undefined" (attacker controlled).

With some way of causing an exception vector to be taken at the right time, this would give pre-sleep code execution (and thus arbitrary TrustZone code execution, via the security engine flaw). However, none of the abort vectors are really triggerable, and interrupts are disabled for the BPMP when it is taken out of reset. Thus, this is useless in practice.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by writing to the correct registers.
| Theoretically: Arbitrary TrustZone code execution. In practice: Useless.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| January, 2018
| February 23, 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]] and [[User:motezazer|motezazer]], [[User:Naehrwert|naehrwert]], [[User:Hexkyz|hexkyz]], probably others, independently.
|-
|}

=== Kernel ===
Flaws in this category pertain exclusively to the [[Package2#Section_0|HorizonOS Kernel]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Syscall Infoleaks
| Many syscalls leaked kernel pointers on sad paths (for example svcSetHeapSize and svcQueryMemory), until they landed a bunch of fixes in 2.0.0.
| Nothing really.
| 2.0.0
| 2.0.0
|
|
| ?
|-
| svcWaitSynchronization/svcReplyAndReceive bad cleanup on error
| If there is a page fault when fetching handles from the userspace array, it cleans up by dereferencing all objects despite having only loaded first N. Allows the attacker to make arbitrary decrefs on any kernel synchronization object, and thus can be used to get UAF. Haven't actually been tried on real HW though, but should work (tm).
| Kernel code execution
| 2.0.0
| 2.0.0
|
| 24 April
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Bad irq_id check in CreateInterruptEvent
| CreateInterruptEvent syscall is designed to work only for irq_id >= 32. All irq_ids < 32 are "per-core" and reserved for kernel use (watchdog/scheduling/core communications).
On 1.0.0 you could supply irq_id < 32 and it would write outside the SharedIrqs table.
| You can register irq's in the Core3Irqs table, and thus register per-core irqs for core3, that are normally reserved for kernel. Useless.
| 2.0.0
| 2.0.0
| ~October
| 17 October
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Kernel .text mapped executable in usermode
| Prior to [[3.0.2]] the kernel .text was [[Memory_layout|mapped]] in usermode as executable. This can be used for usermode ROP for bypassing ASLR, but SVCs/IPC are not usable by running kernel .text in usermode.
| Executing kernel .text in usermode
| [[3.0.2]]
| [[3.0.2]]
|
| 34c3 (December 28, 2017)
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]]
|-
| Memory Controller not properly secured
| The Switch OS originally had the memory controller not set to be accessible only by the secure-world, which was problematic because insecure access can compromise the kernel.

This was fixed partially in [[2.0.0]] by blacklisting the memory controller from being mapped by user-processes, and was fixed entirely in [[4.0.0]] by making the memory controller TZ-only and making all kernel accesses go through [[SMC|smcReadWriteRegister]].
| With some way to access the memory controller MMIO, arbitrary kernel code execution.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| January 2018
| January 2018
| [[User:SciresM|SciresM]], [[User:Yellows8|yellows8]]
|-
|}

=== FIRM-package System Modules ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any of the [[Package2#Section_1|built-in system modules]].

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Service access control bypass (sm:h, smhax, probably other names)
| Prior to [[3.0.1]], the ''service manager'' (sm) built-in system module treats a user as though it has full permissions if the user creates a new "sm:" port session but bypasses [[Services_API#Initialize|initialization]]. This is due to the other sm commands skipping the service ACL check for Pids <= 7 (i.e. all kernel bundled modules) and that skipping the initialization command leaves the Pid field uninitialized.
In [[3.0.1]], sm returns error code 0x415 if [[Services_API#Initialize|Initialize]] has not been called yet.
| Acquiring, registering, and unregistering arbitrary services
| [[3.0.1]]
| [[3.0.1]]
| May 2017
| August 17, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| Overly permissive SPL service
| The concept behind the switch's [[SMC|Secure Monitor]] is that all cryptographic keydata is located in userspace, but stored as "access keys" encrypted with "keks" that never leave TrustZone. The [[SPL services|spl]] ("security processor liaison"?) service serves as an interface between the rest of the system and the secure monitor. Prior to [[4.0.0]], spl exposed only a single service "spl:", which provided all TrustZone wrapper functions to all sysmodules with access to it. Thus anyone with access to the spl: service (via smhax or by pwning a sysmodule with access) could do crypto with any access keys they knew.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by splitting spl: into spl:, spl:mig, spl:ssl, spl:es, and spl:fs.
| Arbitrary spl: crypto with any access keys one knows. For example, one could use the SSL module's access keys to decrypt their console's SSL certificate private key without having to pwn the SSL sysmodule.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| Summer 2017 (after smhax was discovered).
| December 23, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| Single session services not really single session
| Several "critical" services (like fsp-ldr, fsp-pr, sm:m, etc) are meant to only ever hold a single session with a specific sysmodule. However, when a sysmodule dies, all its service session handles are released -- and thus killing the holder of a single session handle would allow one (via sm:hax etc) to get access to that service.

This was fixed in [[4.0.0]] by adding a semaphore to these critical single-session services, so that even if one gets access to them an error code will be returned when attempting to use any of their commands.
| With some way to access these services and kill their session holders (like expLDR): dumping sysmodule code, arbitrary service access, elevated filesystem permissions, etc.
| [[4.0.0]]
| [[4.0.0]]
| May/June 2017 (basically immediately after smhax was discovered)
| December 30, 2017
| Everyone
|-
| nspwn
| fsp-ldr command 0 "MountCode" takes in a Content Path (retrieved from NCM by Loader), and returns an IFileSystem for the resulting ExeFS. These content paths, are normally NCAs, but MountCode also supports a number of other formats, including ".nsp" -- which is just a PFS0.

When a path ending in ".nsp" is parsed by MountCode, the PFS0 is treated as a raw ExeFS. Because there is no NCA header, the ACID signatures are not validated -- and because there are no other signatures in a PFS0, this results in no signature checking happening at all.

The actual .nsp handling is eventually done by {content mounting function} called by MountCode and other FS commands.

Thus, by placing an ExeFS (NSOs + "main.npdm") and setting one's desired title ID to "@Sdcard:/some_title.nsp" or "@User:/some_title.nsp" etc one can launch arbitrary unsigned code, with arbitrary unsigned NPDMs.

This appears to have been fixed by only allowing .nsp when the input fstype==7 for the internal content-mounting function, returning 0x2EE202 otherwise.
| With access to "lr": Arbitrary code execution with full system privileges.
| [[5.0.0]]
| [[5.0.0]]
| Late 2017
| April 23, 2018
| Everyone
|-
|}

=== System Modules ===
Flaws in this category pertain to any non-built-in system module.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Summary
! Description
! Successful exploitation result
! Fixed in system version
! Last system version this flaw was checked for
! Timeframe this was discovered
! Public disclosure timeframe
! Discovered by
|-
| Out-of-bounds array read for [[BCAT_Content_Container]] secret-data index
| The [[BCAT_Content_Container]] secret-data index is not validated at all. This is handled before the RSA-signature(?) is ever used. Since the field is an u8, a total of 0x800-bytes relative to the array start can be accessed.
This is not useful since the string loaded from this array is only involved with key-generation.
|
| Unknown
| [[2.0.0]]
| August 4, 2017
| August 6, 2017
| [[User: shinyquagsire23|Shiny Quagsire]], [[User:Yellows8|yellows8]] (independently)
|-
| OOB Read in NS system module (pl:utoohax, pl:utonium, maybe other names)
| Prior to [[3.0.0]], pl:u (Shared Font services implemented in the NS sysmodule) service commands 1,2,3 took in a signed 32-bit index and returned that index of an array but did not check that index at all. This allowed for an arbitrary read within a 34-bit range (33-bit signed) from NS .bss. In [[3.0.0]], sending out of range indexes causes error code 0x60A to be returned.
| Dumping full NS .text, .rodata and .data, infoleak, etc
| [[3.0.0]]
| [[3.0.0]]
| April 2017
| On exploit's fix in [[3.0.0]]
| [[User:qlutoo|qlutoo]], ReSwitched Team (independently)
|-
| Unchecked domain ID in common IPC code
| Prior to [[2.0.0]], object IDs in [[IPC_Marshalling#Domain_message|domain messages]] are not bounds checked. This out-of-bounds read could be exploited to brute-force ASLR and get PC control in some services that support domain messages.
|
| 2.0.0
| 2.0.0
| ~July 2017
| 20 July 2017‎
| [[User:hthh|hthh]]
|-
| expLDR (sysmodule handle table exhaustion)
| Most sysmodules share common template code to handle IPC control messages. The command DuplicateSession (type 5 command 2)'s template code will abort() if it fails to duplicate a session's handle for the requester. Because many sysmodules have limited handle table size (smaller than the browser/other entrypoints), repeatedly requesting to duplicate one's session will cause the sysmodule to run out of handle table space and abort, causing the service to release all its handles cleanly.
| Sysmodule crashes. Most usefully, crashing ldr allows access to fsp-ldr and crashing pm allows access to fsp-pr. Useless after [[4.0.0]], which mitigated a number of single-session service access issues.
| Unfixed
| 4.1.0
| 24 June 2017
| 8 March 2018
| [[User:daeken|daeken]]
|}

Kernel

2018-07-22T16:42:46Z

TuxSH: /* KProcess */

= KAutoObject =
Size: 0x10
[5.0.0] Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u32 || ReferenceCount
|}

[5.0.0]:

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u32 || ReferenceCount
|-
| 0x10 || KLinkedListNode || Intrusive list, links to other instances of the same class (managed by a KObjectAllocator).
|}

= KSynchronizationObject =
Size: 0x28

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KLinkedList]] || ThreadSyncList
|}

= KMutex =
Size: 0x8

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u64 || OwnerTag
|}

= KRecursiveLock =
Size: 0x18

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KThread]] * || Owner
|-
| 8 || s32 || Count
|}

= KLockedList =
Size: 0x28

[5.0.0]? Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u64 || Count
|-
| 8 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || List
|-
| 0x18 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || MaxCount
|}

[5.0.0]?:

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || List
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || MaxCount
|}

= KLinkedListNode =
Size: 0x10

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]* || Prev
|-
| 8 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]* || Next
|}

= KLinkedListEntry =
Size: 0x10 + <code>sizeof(T)</code>

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || NodeFor__List
|-
| 0x10 || T || Data
|}

= KLinkedList =
Size: 0x18

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u64 || Count
|-
| 8 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || Bounds (first, last)
|}

= KThread =
[1.0.0] Size: 0x620
[5.0.0]? Size: 0x6C0

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationObject]], [[#KSchedulerObject0]], [[#KSchedulerObject1]], [[#KSchedulerObject2]]

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || KSchedulerObject0 || Inheritance
|-
| 0x48 || KSchedulerObject1 || Inheritance
|-
| 0x58 || KSchedulerObject2 || Inheritance
|-
| 0x70 || KThreadContext || Context
|-
| 0x2F0 || u64 || CoreMask
|-
| 0x2F8 || u64 || CoreMaskOverride
|-
| 0x300 || u64 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x308 || u64 || TotalTimeRunning
|-
| 0x310 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]]* || SignalledObjectPtr
|-
| 0x318 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x320 || u64 || CondVar_CondVarUserAddr
|-
| 0x328 || u64 || Entrypoint
|-
| 0x330 || u64 || CondVar_MutexUserAddr
|-
| 0x338 || [[#KProcess]]* || ProcessPtr
|-
| 0x340 || void* || KernelThreadStack
|-
| 0x348 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x350 || void* || TlsKernelPtr
|-
| 0x358 || void* || TlsPhysicalPtr
|-
| 0x360 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]]*[0x40] || SyncObjects
|-
| 0x560 || [[#KThread]]* || CondVar_NextThreadPtr
|-
| 0x568 || [[#KThread]]* || CondVar_PrevThreadPtr
|-
| 0x570 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]]* || SignalledObjectPtr?
|-
| 0x578 || KLinkedListNode ||
|-
| 0x588 || KLinkedListNode ||
|-
| 0x598 || KLinkedListNode || NodeFor__ThreadList
|-
| 0x5A8 || KLinkedListNode || NodeFor__ThreadsOnSameCore
|-
| 0x5B8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x5C0 || [[#KThread]]* || CondVar_SelfPtr
|-
| 0x5C8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x5D0 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x5D8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x5E0 || u32 || CondVar_WaitThreadHandle
|-
| 0x5E4 || u32 || SchedulingFlags_Default
|-
| 0x5E8 || u32 || WaitSync_RetVal
|-
| 0x5EC || u32 ||
|-
| 0x5F0 || u32 || ActualPriority
|-
| 0x5F4 || u32 ||
|-
| 0x5F8 || u32 ||
|-
| 0x5FC || u32 ||
|-
| 0x600 || u32 || WantedPriority
|-
| 0x604 || u32 || CpuCore
|-
| 0x608 || u8 || State
|-
| 0x609 || u8 || ShallBeTerminated
|-
| 0x60A || u8 ||
|-
| 0x60B || u8 ||
|-
| 0x60C || u8 ||
|-
| 0x60D || u8 ||
|-
| 0x60E || u8 || HasExited
|-
| 0x60F || u8 || HasCpuCoreOverride
|-
| ... || ... || ...
|}

= KProcess =
[1.0.0] Size: 0x5B0

[2.0.0] Size: 0x2480

[3.0.0] Size: 0x2580

[5.0.0] Size: 0x4600

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationObject]]

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || KProcessTerminationMessage || Sent to mailbox 0 when self-terminating.
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KMemoryManager]] || MemoryManager
|-
| 0xF0 || u64 || TotalMemUsage
|-
| 0xF8 || [[#KLinkedList]]<[[#KTlsPageManager]]*>> || TlsPagesList
|-
| 0x110 || s32 || DefaultCpuCore
|-
| 0x118 || [[#KDebug]]* || Debug
|-
| 0x120 || [[#KResourceLimit]]* || ResourceLimit
|-
| 0x128 || u32 || State
|-
| 0x130 || [[#KMutex]] || ProcessMutex
|-
| 0x138 || [[#KMutex]] || ThreadingMutex
|-
| 0x140 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ThreadArbiterList
|-
| 0x150 || KLinkedListNode ||
|-
| 0x160 || u64[4] || RandomEntropy
|-
| 0x180 || u8 || HasStateChanged
|-
| 0x181 || u8 || HasInitialized
|-
| 0x182 || u8 || IsSystem
|-
| 0x183 || u8[12+1] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x190 || u16 || NumberOfCreatedThreads
|-
| 0x192 || u16 || ThreadingRelatedInitiallyZero
|-
| 0x194 || u32 || ProcessFlags
|-
| 0x198 || [[#KProcessCapabilities]] || Capabilities
|-
| 0x248 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x250 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x258 || u64 || CreatedTickstamp
|-
| 0x260 || u64 || Entrypoint
|-
| 0x268 || u64 || CodeMemUsage
|-
| 0x270 || u64 || DynamicMemUsage
|-
| 0x278 || u64 || MaxTotalMemUsage
|-
| 0x280 || u32 || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x288 || [[#KProcessHandleTable]] || HandleTable
|-
| 0x528 || void* || UsermodeExceptionTlsArea
|-
| 0x530 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ExceptionThreadList
|-
| 0x540 || [[#KThread]]* || ExceptionThread
|-
| 0x548 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ThreadList
|-
| 0x558 || bool || HasStarted
|-
| 0x55C || u32 || UnusedZero
|-
| 0x560 || u64[2] || UnusedZeroes
|-
| 0x570 || u64 || TotalTimeRunning
|-
| 0x578 || u64[5] || UnusedZeroes
|-
| 0x5A0 || u64 || UnusedZero
|-
| 0x5A8 || u64 || UnusedZero
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || KProcessTerminationMessage || Sent to mailbox 0 when self-terminating.
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KMemoryManager]] || MemoryManager
|-
| 0x100 || u64 || TotalMemUsage
|-
| 0x108 || [[#KLinkedList]]<[[#KTlsPageManager]]*> || TlsPagesList
|-
| 0x120 || s32 || DefaultCpuCore
|-
| 0x128 || [[#KDebug]]* || Debug
|-
| 0x130 || [[#KResourceLimit]]* || ResourceLimit
|-
| 0x138 || u32 || State
|-
| 0x140 || [[#KMutex]] || ProcessMutex
|-
| 0x148 || [[#KMutex]] || ThreadingMutex
|-
| 0x150 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ThreadArbiterList
|-
| 0x160 || KLinkedListNode ||
|-
| 0x170 || u64[4] || RandomEntropy
|-
| 0x190 || u8 || HasStateChanged
|-
| 0x191 || u8 || HasInitialized
|-
| 0x192 || u8 || IsSystem
|-
| 0x193 || u8[12+1] || ProcessName
|-
| 0x1A0 || u16 || NumberOfCreatedThreads
|-
| 0x1A2 || u16 || ThreadingRelatedInitiallyZero
|-
| 0x1A4 || u32 || ProcessFlags
|-
| 0x1A8 || [[#KProcessCapabilities]] || Capabilities
|-
| 0x258 || u64 || TitleId
|-
| 0x260 || u64 || ProcessId
|-
| 0x268 || u64 || CreatedTickstamp
|-
| 0x270 || u64 || Entrypoint
|-
| 0x278 || u64 || CodeMemUsage
|-
| 0x280 || u64 || DynamicMemUsage
|-
| 0x288 || u64 || MaxTotalMemUsage
|-
| 0x290 || u32 || ProcessCategory (0: regular title, 1: kernel built-in)
|-
| 0x298 || u64[5] || Unused [?]
|-
| 0x2C0 || [[#KProcessHandleTable]] || HandleTable
|-
| 0x2380 || void* || UsermodeExceptionTlsArea
|-
| 0x2388 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ExceptionThreadList
|-
| 0x2398 || [[#KThread]]* || ExceptionThread
|-
| 0x23A0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KThread]] *> || ThreadList
|-
| 0x23B0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KSharedMemoryRef]] *> || MappedSharedMemoriesList
|-
| 0x23C0 || bool || HasStarted
|-
| 0x23C1 || bool || HasException
|-
| 0x23C4 || u32 || ExceptionEnum0
|-
| 0x23C8 || u64 || ExceptionEnum1
|-
| 0x23D0 || u64 || ExceptionThreadUnkInfo0
|-
| 0x23D8 || u64 || BreakArg0
|-
| 0x23E0 || u64 || BreakArg1
|-
| 0x23E8 || u64 || BreakArg2
|-
| 0x23F0 || u64 || ExceptionThreadUnkInfo1
|-
| 0x23F8 || u32 || UnusedZero
|-
| 0x2400 || u64[8] || UnusedZeroes
|-
| 0x2440 || u64 || UnusedZero
|-
| 0x2448 || u64 || UnusedZero
|-
| 0x2450 || u64[6] || Unused [?]
|}
</div>

== KTlsPageManager ==
Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || void* || TlsPagePtr
|-
| 8 || [[#KProcess*]] || ProcessPtr
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || UsageCount
|-
| 0x14 || u8[8] || IsSlotFree
|}

== KProcessCapabilities ==
Size: 0xB0

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || u8[16] || SvcAccessMask
|-
| 0x10 || u8[128] || IrqAccessMask
|-
| 0x90 || u64 || AllowedCpuIdBitmask
|-
| 0x98 || u64 || AllowedThreadPrioBitmask
|-
| 0xA0 || u32 || DebuggingFlags
|-
| 0xA4 || u32 || HandleTableSize
|-
| 0xA8 || u32 || KernelReleaseVersion
|-
| 0xAC || u32 || ApplicationType
|}

== KProcessHandleTable ==
[1.0.0] Size: 0x2A0

[2.0.0] Size: 0x20C0

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KHandleEntry]]* || TablePtr
|-
| 8 || [[#KHandleEntry]]* || NextFreeEntry
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KHandleEntry]][40] || InternalTable
|-
| 0x290 || u16 || Size
|-
| 0x292 || u16 || MaxUsageAtOnce
|-
| 0x294 || u16 || IdCounter
|-
| 0x296 || u16 || NumActiveSlots
|-
| 0x298 || [[#KSpinLock]] || Lock
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KHandleEntry]]* || TablePtr
|-
| 8 || [[#KHandleEntry]]* || NextFreeEntry
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KHandleEntry]][1024] || InternalTable
|-
| 0x2010 || u16 || Size
|-
| 0x2012 || u16 || MaxUsageAtOnce
|-
| 0x2014 || u16 || IdCounter
|-
| 0x2016 || u16 || NumActiveSlots
|-
| 0x2040 || [[#KSpinLock]] || Lock
|}
</div>

=== KHandleEntry ===
[1.0.0] Size: 0x10

[2.0.0] Size: 8

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u16 || HandleId
|-
| 2 || u8 || ObjectType
|-
| 8 || [[#KAutoObject]]* || Object
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u16 || HandleId
|-
| 2 || u8 || ObjectType
|-
| 4 || u32 || ObjectCompressedPtr
|}
</div>

=== KSpinLock ===
[1.0.0] Size: 0x1

[2.0.0] Size: 0x40

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u8 || IsBusy
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u16 ||
|-
| 0x20 || u16 ||
|}
</div>

== KSharedMemoryRef ==
[2.0.0] Size: 0x40

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KSharedMemoryRef]] *> || NodeFor__MappedSharedMemoriesList
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KSharedMemory*]] || SharedMem
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || InitiallyZero
|}

= KMemoryManager =
[1.0.0] Size: 0xB8

[2.0.0] Size: 0xC8

<div style="display: inline-block">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u64 || AddrSpaceMinAddr
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || AddrSpaceMaxAddr
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || HeapRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || HeapCurAddr
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x38 || u64 || MapRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x40 || u64 || HeapMaxAllocation
|-
| 0x48 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x50 || [[#KPageTable]] || PageTable
|-
| 0x60 || [[#KMemoryBlockManager]] || MemoryBlockManager
|-
| 0x78 || bool || IsKernel
|-
| 0x79 || bool || IsSystem
|-
| 0x7A || bool || IsAddrSpace36Bit
|-
| 0x7B || bool || HasAslr
|-
| 0x7C || u32 || Is_0x59_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0x80 || u32 || Is_0x5A_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0x84 || u32 || Is_0x58_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0x88 || ||
|-
| 0x90 || ||
|-
| 0x98 || ||
|-
| 0xA0 || u64 || TranslationTableBaseRegister0
|-
| 0xA8 || u64 || TranslationControlRegister
|-
| 0xB0 || u8 || AsidTagValue
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u64 || AddrSpaceMinAddr
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || AddrSpaceMaxAddr
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || HeapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || HeapRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || HeapCurAddr
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || MapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x38 || u64 || MapRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x40 || u64 || NewMapRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x48 || u64 || NewMapRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x50 || u64 || TlsIoRegionBaseAddr
|-
| 0x58 || u64 || TlsIoRegionEndAddr
|-
| 0x60 || u64 || HeapMaxAllocation
|-
| 0x68 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x70 || [[#KPageTable]] || PageTable
|-
| 0x80 || [[#KMemoryBlockManager]] || MemoryBlockManager
|-
| 0x98 || u32 || AddressSpaceWidth (32/36/39)
|-
| 0x9C || bool || IsKernel
|-
| 0x9D || bool || IsSystem
|-
| 0x9E || bool || HasAslr
|-
| 0xA0 || u32 || PoolPartition
|-
| 0xA4 || u32 || Is_0x5A_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0xA8 || u32 || Is_0x59_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0xAC || u32 || Is_0x58_If_Cfg12_Bit0_ElseZero
|-
| 0xB0 || u64 || TranslationTableBaseRegister0
|-
| 0xB8 || u64 || TranslationControlRegister
|-
| 0xC0 || u32 || AsidTagValue
|}
</div>

== KPageTable ==
Size: 0x10

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || void* || RawPageTablePtr
|-
| 8 || bool ||
|-
| 0xC || u32 || AddrSpaceSizeInGb
|}

== KMemoryBlockManager ==
Size: 0x18

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KMemoryBlock]]* || MemoryBlockList
|-
| 8 || u64 || MaxAddr
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || MinAddr
|}

== KMemoryBlock ==
Size: 0x40

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KMemoryBlock]] *> || NodeFor__MemoryBlockList
|-
| 0x10 || ||
|-
| 0x18 || ||
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || BaseAddress
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || NumOfPages
|-
| 0x30 || u32 || State
|-
| 0x34 || u16 || IpcRefCount [?]
|-
| 0x36 || u16 || DeviceMapRefCount
|-
| 0x38 || u8 || Permission
|-
| 0x39 || u8 || UnkAttribute
|-
| 0x3A || u8 || Attribute
|}

== KMemoryBlockInfo ==
Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || u64 || BaseAddress
|-
| 8 || u64 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || State
|-
| 0x14 || u8 || Permission
|-
| 0x15 || u8 || Attribute
|-
| 0x16 || u8 || UnkAttribute
|-
| 0x18 || u16 || IpcRefCount [?]
|-
| 0x1A || u16 || DeviceMapRefCount
|}

= KTransferMemory =
Size: 0x48

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || KMemoryBlockList || Blocks
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KProcess]]* || OwnerProcess
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || BaseAddress
|-
| 0x38 || KMutex || Mutex
|-
| 0x40 || int || Permission
|-
| 0x44 || bool || HasInited
|-
| 0x45 || bool || IsMapped
|}

= KSharedMemory =
[1.0.0] Size: 0x40

[2.0.0] Size: 0x48

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || KMemoryBlockList || Blocks
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KProcess]]* || OwnerProcess
|-
| 0x30 || int || LocalPermission
|-
| 0x34 || int || RemotePermission
|-
| 0x38 || bool || HasInited
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || KMemoryBlockList || Blocks
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KResourceLimit]]* || OwnerResourceLimit
|-
| 0x30 || u64 || OwnerProcessPid
|-
| 0x38 || int || LocalPermission
|-
| 0x3C || int || RemotePermission
|-
| 0x40 || bool || HasInited
|}

</div>

= KJitMemory =
[4.0.0+] Size: 0x58

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x20 || KMemoryBlockList || Blocks
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KProcess]]* || SrcProcessPtr
|-
| 0x40 || u64 || SrcAddr
|-
| 0x48 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x50 || u8 || HasInit
|-
| 0x51 || u8 || HasMappedSlave
|-
| 0x52 || u8 || HasMappedMaster
|}

= KPort =
Size: 0xA8

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KServerPort]] || ServerSide
|-
| 0x60 || [[#KClientPort]] || ClientSide
|-
| 0x98 || u64 ||
|-
| 0xA0 || bool || HasInited
|-
| 0xA1 || bool || IsLight
|}

== KServerPort ==
Size: 0x50

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || IncomingConnections
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KLinkedListNode]] || IncomingLightConnections
|-
| 0x48 || [[#KPort]]* || Parent
|}

== KClientPort ==
Size: 0x38

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || u32 || NumSessions
|-
| 0x2C || u32 || MaxSessions
|-
| 0x30 || [[#KPort]]* || Parent
|}

= KSession =
Size: 0xB0

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KServerSession]] || ServerSide
|-
| 0x70 || [[#KClientSession]] || ClientSide
|-
| 0xA8 || bool || HasInited
|}

== KServerSession ==
Size: 0x60

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || KLinkedListNode || NodeFor__IncomingConnections
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KSession*]] || Parent
|-
| 0x40 || KLinkedListNode<[[#KSessionRequest]]*> || RequestList
|-
| 0x50 || [[#KSessionRequest]]* || ActiveRequest
|-
| 0x58 || ||
|}

=== KSessionRequest ===
Size: 0x158

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 0x10 || KLinkedListNode || NodeFor__RequestList
|-
| 0x20 || [[#KBufferDescriptor]][8] || BufferTable
|-
| 0x120 || [[#KBufferDescriptor]]* || ExternalBufferTable
|-
| 0x128 || u8 || NumSendBuffers
|-
| 0x129 || u8 || NumRecvBuffers
|-
| 0x12A || u8 || NumExchBuffers
|-
| 0x130 || [[#KThread]]* || SenderThread
|-
| 0x138 || u64 || InitiallyZero
|-
| 0x140 || [[#KWritableEvent]]* || ForAsyncEvent
|-
| 0x148 || u64 || CustomCmdbufAddr
|-
| 0x150 || u64 || CustomCmdbufSize
|}

=== KBufferDescriptor ===
Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u64 || UserVirtAddr
|-
| 8 || u64 || Size
|-
| 0x10 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || BufferMemoryState
|-
|}

== KClientSession ==
Size: 0x38

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KSession]]* || Parent
|-
| 0x18 || bool || HasInited
|-
| 0x20 || [[#KClientPort]]* || ParentPort
|-
| 0x28 || ||
|-
| 0x30 || [[#KProcess]]* || CreatorProcess
|}

= KLightSession =
Size: 0xA8

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KLightSessionServer]] || ServerSide
|-
| 0x68 || [[#KLightSessionClient]] || ClientSide
|-
| 0xA0 || bool || HasInited
|}

== KLightServerSession ==
Size: 0x58

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || KLinkedListNode || NodeFor__IncomingLightConnections
|-
| 0x20 || [[#KLightSession]] || Parent
|-
| 0x28 || u64[6] ||
|}

== KLightClientSession ==
Size: 0x38

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KLightSession]]* || Parent
|-
| 0x18 || bool || HasInited
|-
| 0x20 || [[#KClientPort]]* || Port
|-
| 0x28 || ||
|-
| 0x30 || [[#KProcess]]* || CreatorProcess
|}

= KEvent =
Size: 0x70

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KReadableEvent]] || ReadableEvent
|-
| 0x48 || [[#KWritableEvent]] || WritableEvent
|-
| 0x60 || [[#KProcess]]* || Creator
|-
| 0x68 || bool || HasInited
|}

== KReadableEvent ==
Size: 0x38

Inherits from: [[#KSynchronizationEvent]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || bool ||
|-
| 0x30 || [[#KEvent]]* || Parent
|}

== KWritableEvent ==
Size: 0x18

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KEvent]]* || Parent
|}

== KInterruptEvent ==
[1.0.0] Size: 0x50

[2.0.0] Size: 0x48

Inherits from: [[#KReadableEvent]]

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KReadableEvent]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KInterruptReceiver]] || Receiver
|-
| 0x48 || u32 || IrqId (or -1)
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KReadableEvent]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x38 || [[#KInterruptReceiver]]* || Receiver
|-
| 0x40 || u32 || IrqId (or -1)
|-
| 0x44 || bool || IsIrqRegistered
|}
</div>

=== KInterruptReceiver ===
[1.0.0] Size: 0x10
[2.0.0] Size: 0x20

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u64 ||
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || * || Vtable
|-
| 8 || u64 || InitiallyZero
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KInterruptEvent]]* || IrqEventPtr
|-
| 0x18 || s32 || IrqId
|}
</div>

= KDeviceAddressSpace =
Size: 0x70

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|-
| 0x18 || [[#KSmmuManager]] || Manager
|-
| 0x58 || u64 || BaseAddress
|-
| 0x60 || u64 || Size
|-
| 0x68 || bool || HasInited
|}

[1.0.0] It was called KAddressSpace.

== KSmmuManager ==
Size: 0x40

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || u8[4] || PageTableAsids
|-
| 8 || void*[4] || PageDirectories
|-
| 0x28 || u64 || AttachedDevicesMask
|-
| 0x30 || u32 || RegVal32Bit
|-
| 0x34 || u32 || RegVal32BitEmpty
|-
| 0x38 || u32 || RegVal36Bit
|-
| 0x3C || u32 || RegVal36BitEmpty
|}

= KResourceLimit =
Size: 0x68

Inherits from: [[#KAutoObject]]

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Type
! Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KAutoObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x10 || u64[5] || CurrentValue
|-
| 0x38 || u64[5] || LimitValue
|-
| 0x60 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|}

= KPoolManager =
[1.0.0] Size: 0x380

[2.0.0] Size: 0x450

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KPoolAllocator]][3] || Allocator
|-
| 0x348 || [[#KPoolRefManager]] || RefManager
|-
| 0x368 || u64 || AllocationCounter
|-
| 0x370 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x378 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KPoolAllocator]] || Allocator0
|-
| 0x220 || [[#KPartitionInfo]]* || PartitionInfo0
|-
| 0x228 || [[#KPoolAllocator]] || Allocator1
|-
| 0x448 || [[#KPartitionInfo]]* || PartitionInfo1
|}
</div>

== KPoolAllocator ==
[1.0.0] Size: 0x118

[2.0.0] Size: 0x220

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || void* || MemoryBase
|-
| 8 || u64 || MemorySize
|-
| 0x10 || s32 || NumPools
|-
| 0x18 || [[#KPool]][8] || Pools
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || void* || MemoryBase
|-
| 8 || u64 || MemorySize
|-
| 0x10 || [[#KPool]][8] || Pools
|-
| 0x210 || s32 || NumPools
|}
</div>

=== KPool ===
[1.0.0] Size: 0x20

[2.0.0] Size: 0x40

<div style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 1.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || KPoolHeader* || FirstFreeChunk
|-
| 8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x10 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x18 || void* || SingletonTableEntryPtr
|}
</div>

<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top;">
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! 2.0.0 Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || KPoolHeader* || FirstFreeChunk
|-
| 8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x10 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x18 || void* || SingletonTableEntryPtr
|-
| 0x20 || [[#KPool]]* || Parent
|-
| 0x30 || u64[2] || DmaProtectionKey
|}
</div>

== KPoolRefManager ==
[1.0.0] Size: 0x20

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KPoolManager]]* || Parent
|-
| 8 || void* || PoolBase
|-
| 0x10 || u64 || MaxPage
|-
| 0x18 || u16* || RefCountTable
|}

= KObjectAllocator =
Size: 0x50
[5.0.0]? Size: 0x48

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLockedList]] || LockedList
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KSlabHeap]] || SlabHeap
|}

= KSlabHeap =
Size: 0x28

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || void* || FreeListHead
|-
| 0x8 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x10 || void* || HeapPtr
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || TotalHeapSize
|-
| 0x20 || u64 || SingleObjectSize
|}

5.0.0 (?):
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || void* || FreeListHead
|-
| 0x8 || u64 || SingleObjectSize
|-
| 0x10 || void* || HeapPtr
|-
| 0x18 || void* || Start (equal to HeapPtr on init)
|-
| 0x20 || void* || End
|}

= KPageTableAllocator =
Size: 0x30

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x10 || u16* || RefCountTable
|-
| 0x10 || void* || BaseAddress
|-
| 0x18 || u64 || Size
|-
| 0x20 || u64 ||
|-
| 0x28 || u64 ||
|}

= KIrqManager =
[1.0.0] Size: 0x1608

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KIrqEntry]][32] || Core0Irq
|-
| 0x200 || [[#KIrqEntry]][32] || Core1Irq
|-
| 0x400 || [[#KIrqEntry]][32] || Core2Irq
|-
| 0x600 || [[#KIrqEntry]][32] || Core3Irq
|-
| 0x800 || [[#KIrqEntry]][224] || SharedIrqs
|-
| 0x1600 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|}

== KIrqEntry ==
[1.0.0] Size: 0x10

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KIrqReciever*]] || Receiver
|-
| 8 || u8 || State0
|-
| 9 || u8 || State1
|}

= KDebug =
Size: 0x50

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KSynchronizationObject]] || Inheritance
|-
| 0x28 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KDebugEvent]]> || EventList
|-
| 0x38 || u32 || Flags
|-
| 0x40 || [[#KProcess]]* || ProcessPtr
|-
| 0x48 || [[#KMutex]] || Mutex
|}

== KDebugEvent ==
Size: 0x60

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset || Type || Description
|-
| 0 || [[#KLinkedListNode]]<[[#KDebugEvent]] *> || NodeFor__EventList
|-
| 0x10 || u32 || EventType
|-
| 0x14 || u32 || ThreadId
|-
| 0x18 || u32 || Flags
|-
| 0x1C || u16 ||
|-
| 0x1E || bool ||
|-
| 0x20 || ... || ...
|}