Joy-Con

2022-12-27T07:18:12Z

Elan: /* Colors */

Joy-Con is the name for the Switch's primary game controllers. The controllers communicate to the console through bluetooth and can be disconnected from the main unit.

= Hardware =
The controllers themselves are simple to disassemble and identify.
[[File:JoyconFront.jpg|400px|thumb|The front of the Joy-Con internal[https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Nintendo+Switch+Teardown/78263]]]
[[File:JoyconRear.jpg|400px|thumb|The rear of the Joy-Con internal[https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Nintendo+Switch+Teardown/78263]]]
{| class="wikitable"
! Color || Item
|-
| Red || Broadcom BCM20734 Bluetooth 4.1/2.4 GHz Transceiver
|-
| Orange || STMicroelectronics NFCBEA 812006 33 (Likely NFC reader IC)
|-
| Yellow|| Macronix International MX25U4033E 4 Mb CMOS Flash
|}

= Firmware =
''See also: [[Joy-Con Firmware]]''

The firmware of the Joy-Cons seems to be generic across all instances. Details such as the handedness of the controller and the color is just indicated in a configuration part of the flash. Judging by quick glance at the firmware, it's probably identical to that used on the Pro Controller as well.
{| class="wikitable"
! Controller || 1.0.0
|-
| Joy-Con Left (Blue) || [[:File:pad.L.bin|flash dump]]
|-
| Joy-Con Right (Red) || [[:File:pad.R.bin|flash dump]]
|}

The flash is in a patch-ram format. Tools for dealing with it are available [https://github.com/shuffle2/nxpad].
A dump of the ROM region (taken while firmware was running) can be found [[:File:bcm20734_rom.bin|here]]. Note this is the same SoC used on the other controller models, as well.

= Protocol =
The Joy-Con can communicate wirelessly over Bluetooth or through the rails over UART. This uses a Nintendo proprietary protocol called "Nwcp".

== NwcpPacket ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| 0x5
| [[#HciHeader|HciHeader]]
|-
| 0x5
| 0x7
| [[#NwcpHeader|NwcpHeader]]
|-
| 0xC
| Variable
| Data
|}

=== HciHeader ===
This is a 5-byte packet header used by Broadcom's HCI Control Protocol.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| 0x1
| PacketType (always 0x19)
|-
| 0x1
| 0x1
| [[#CommandCode|CommandCode]]
|-
| 0x2
| 0x1
| GroupCode (always 0x03)
|-
| 0x3
| 0x2
| PacketLength
|}

==== CommandCode ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Value
! Description
|-
| 0x1 || SendToDevice
|-
| 0x81 || ReceiveFromDevice
|}

=== NwcpHeader ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0x0
| 0x1
| [[#CommandType|CommandType]]
|-
| 0x1
| 0x1
| [[#DeviceCommand|DeviceCommand]]
|-
| 0x2
| 0x2
| DataSize
|-
| 0x4
| 0x1
| CommandResult
|-
| 0x5
| 0x1
| DataCrc (CRC8 over Data for DataSize bytes)
|-
| 0x6
| 0x1
| HeaderCrc (CRC8 over the previous 6 bytes)
|}

==== CommandType ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Value
! Description
|-
| 0x91 || DeviceCommandToDevice
|-
| 0x92 || Hid
|-
| 0x94 || DeviceCommandFromDevice
|-
| 0x9A ||
|-
| 0xA3 ||
|-
| 0xA5 || Handshake
|}

== DeviceCommand ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Value
! Description
|-
| 0x01 || Inquiry
|-
| 0x02 || WriteChargerSettings
|-
| 0x03 || ReadChargerSettings
|-
| 0x04 || AttachmentEnable
|-
| 0x05 || IsAttachmentEnabled
|-
| 0x06 || GetBatteryVoltage
|-
| 0x07 || ReadWakeUpReason
|-
| 0x10 || CreateHidConnection
|-
| 0x11 || DisconnectHid
|-
| 0x12 || SetHidInterval
|-
| 0x13 || GetHidInterval
|-
| 0x18 || Pairing
|-
| 0x20 || UpdateUartBaudRate
|-
| 0x40 || Test
|}

== HidCommand ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! Value
! Description
|-
| 0x01 || PairingOut
|-
| 0x02 || GetDeviceInfo
|-
| 0x03 || SetDataFormat
|-
| 0x04 || LRButtonDetection
|-
| 0x05 || Page
|-
| 0x06 || Reset
|-
| 0x07 || ClearPairingInfo
|-
| 0x08 || Shipment
|-
| 0x10 || SerialFlashRead
|-
| 0x11 || SerialFlashWrite
|-
| 0x12 || SerialFlashSectorErase
|-
| 0x20 || McuReset
|-
| 0x21 || McuWrite
|-
| 0x22 || McuResume
|-
| 0x24 || McuPollingEnable
|-
| 0x25 || McuPollingDisable
|-
| 0x28 || AttachmentWrite
|-
| 0x29 || AttachmentRead
|-
| 0x2A || AttachmentEnable
|-
| 0x2B || GetAttachmentInfo
|-
| 0x30 || SetIndicatorLed
|-
| 0x31 || GetIndicatorLed
|-
| 0x38 || SetNotificationLed
|-
| 0x40 || SensorSleep
|-
| 0x41 || SensorConfig
|-
| 0x42 || SensorWrite
|-
| 0x43 || SensorRead
|-
| 0x48 || MotorEnable
|-
| 0x50 || GetBatteryVoltage
|-
| 0x51 || WriteChargeSetting
|-
| 0x52 || ReadChargeSetting
|-
| 0x58 || ExtDevWrite
|-
| 0x59 || GetExtDevInfo
|-
| 0x5A || ExtDevPollingEnable
|-
| 0x5B || ExtDevPollingDisable
|-
| 0x5C || ExtDevInFormatConfig
|-
| 0x5D ||
|-
| 0x60 || InternalAttachmentWrite
|-
| 0x61 ||
|-
| 0x62 || InternalAttachmentEnable
|-
| 0x63 || InternalAttachmentPollingEnable
|-
| 0x64 || InternalAttachmentPollingDisable
|-
| 0x7A || AddButtonPlayData
|-
| 0x7B || StartStopButtonPlayData
|-
| 0x80 || Ack
|-
| 0x81 || PairingIn
|-
| 0x82 || DeviceInfo
|-
| 0x83 || LRButtonElapsedTime
|-
| 0x90 || SerialFlashData
|-
| 0xA0 || McuData
|-
| 0xA8 || AttachmentData
|-
| 0xA9 || AttachmentInfo
|-
| 0xAA || InternalAttachmentRead
|-
| 0xB0 || IndicatorLed
|-
| 0xC0 || SensorData
|-
| 0xD0 || BatteryVoltage
|-
| 0xD8 || ExtDevRead
|-
| 0xD9 || ExtDevInfo
|}

== Left & Right Separate Joy-con ==
When paired directly to a computer over bluetooth, the joy-con both provide identical HID input report descriptor. This does not appear to include motion controls, IR data, or NFC. They both behave as detached single-player controllers.

HID Input Report Descriptor (Hexadecimal):
<pre>
00000000: 05010905 A1010601 FF852109 21750895 ....¡...ÿ…!.!u.•
00000010: 30810285 30093075 08953081 02853109 0..…0.0u.•0..…1.
00000020: 31750896 69018102 85320932 75089669 1u.–i...…2.2u.–i
00000030: 01810285 33093375 08966901 8102853F ...…3.3u.–i...…?
00000040: 05091901 29101500 25017501 95108102 ....)...%.u.•...
00000050: 05010939 15002507 75049501 81420509 ...9..%.u.•..B..
00000060: 75049501 81010501 09300931 09330934 u.•......0.1.3.4
00000070: 16000027 FFFF0000 75109504 81020601 ...'ÿÿ..u.•.....
00000080: FF850109 01750895 30910285 10091075 ÿ…...u.•0‘.…...u
00000090: 08953091 02851109 11750895 30910285 .•0‘.…...u.•0‘.…
000000A0: 12091275 08953091 02C0 ...u.•0‘.À
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
! Parsed Bytes || Description
|-
|0x05, 0x01, || Usage Page (Generic Desktop Ctrls)
|-
|0x09, 0x05, || Usage (Game Pad)
|-
|0xA1, 0x01, || Collection (Application)
|-
|0x06, 0x01, 0xFF, || Usage Page (Vendor Defined 0xFF01)
|-
|0x85, 0x21, || Report ID (33)
|-
|0x09, 0x21, || Usage (0x21)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x85, 0x30, || Report ID (48)
|-
|0x09, 0x30, || Usage (0x30)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x85, 0x31, || Report ID (49)
|-
|0x09, 0x31, || Usage (0x31)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x96, 0x69, 0x01, || Report Count (361)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x85, 0x32, || Report ID (50)
|-
|0x09, 0x32, || Usage (0x32)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x96, 0x69, 0x01, || Report Count (361)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x85, 0x33, || Report ID (51)
|-
|0x09, 0x33, || Usage (0x33)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x96, 0x69, 0x01, || Report Count (361)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x85, 0x3F, || Report ID (63)
|-
|0x05, 0x09, || Usage Page (Button)
|-
|0x19, 0x01, || Usage Minimum (0x01)
|-
|0x29, 0x10, || Usage Maximum (0x10)
|-
|0x15, 0x00, || Logical Minimum (0)
|-
|0x25, 0x01, || Logical Maximum (1)
|-
|0x75, 0x01, || Report Size (1)
|-
|0x95, 0x10, || Report Count (16)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x05, 0x01, || Usage Page (Generic Desktop Ctrls)
|-
|0x09, 0x39, || Usage (Hat switch)
|-
|0x15, 0x00, || Logical Minimum (0)
|-
|0x25, 0x07, || Logical Maximum (7)
|-
|0x75, 0x04, || Report Size (4)
|-
|0x95, 0x01, || Report Count (1)
|-
|0x81, 0x42, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,Null State)
|-
|0x05, 0x09, || Usage Page (Button)
|-
|0x75, 0x04, || Report Size (4)
|-
|0x95, 0x01, || Report Count (1)
|-
|0x81, 0x01, || Input (Const,Array,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x05, 0x01, || Usage Page (Generic Desktop Ctrls)
|-
|0x09, 0x30, || Usage (X)
|-
|0x09, 0x31, || Usage (Y)
|-
|0x09, 0x33, || Usage (Rx)
|-
|0x09, 0x34, || Usage (Ry)
|-
|0x16, 0x00, 0x00, || Logical Minimum (0)
|-
|0x27, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, || Logical Maximum (65534)
|-
|0x75, 0x10, || Report Size (16)
|-
|0x95, 0x04, || Report Count (4)
|-
|0x81, 0x02, || Input (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position)
|-
|0x06, 0x01, 0xFF, || Usage Page (Vendor Defined 0xFF01)
|-
|0x85, 0x01, || Report ID (1)
|-
|0x09, 0x01, || Usage (0x01)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x91, 0x02, || Output (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position,Non-volatile)
|-
|0x85, 0x10, || Report ID (16)
|-
|0x09, 0x10, || Usage (0x10)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x91, 0x02, || Output (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position,Non-volatile)
|-
|0x85, 0x11, || Report ID (17)
|-
|0x09, 0x11, || Usage (0x11)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x91, 0x02, || Output (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position,Non-volatile)
|-
|0x85, 0x12, || Report ID (18)
|-
|0x09, 0x12, || Usage (0x12)
|-
|0x75, 0x08, || Report Size (8)
|-
|0x95, 0x30, || Report Count (48)
|-
|0x91, 0x02, || Output (Data,Var,Abs,No Wrap,Linear,Preferred State,No Null Position,Non-volatile)
|-
|0xC0, || End Collection
|}

== Colors ==
HEX codes for the colors shown in the "Controllers" menu of the Switch UI can be found in a Joy-con SPI dump starting at offset 0x6050. Body color is first followed by button color and each is 3 bytes long. These values are able to be re-written with any HEX color value to make the Joy-cons show up as different colors in the UI. The following is a list of official HEX colors recovered from SPI dumps.
{| class="wikitable"
! Developer Kit Joy-Con || Release || Body HEX || Button HEX
|-
| Black / ブラック || 2015.10.16 || #313131 || #0F0F0F
|-
! Standard Retail Joy-Con Color || Release || Body HEX || Button HEX
|-
| Gray / グレー || 2017.03.03 || #828282 || #0F0F0F
|-
| Neon Red / ネオンレッド || 2017.03.03 || #FF3C28 || #1E0A0A
|-
| Neon Blue / ネオンブルー || 2017.03.03 || #0AB9E6 || #001E1E
|-
| Neon Yellow / ネオンイエロー || 2017.06.16 || #E6FF00 || #142800
|-
| Neon Green / ネオングリーン || 2017.07.21 || #1EDC00 || #002800
|-
| Neon Pink / ネオンピンク || 2017.07.21 || #FF3278 || #28001E
|-
| Red / レッド || 2017.10.27 || #E10F00 || #280A0A
|-
| Blue / ブルー || 2019.10.04 || #4655F5 || #00000A
|-
| Neon Purple / ネオンパープル || 2019.10.04 || #B400E6 || #140014
|-
| Neon Orange / ネオンオレンジ || 2019.10.04 || #FAA005 || #0F0A00
|-
| White / ホワイト || 2021.10.08 || #E6E6E6 || #323232
|-
! Special Edition Joy-Con Color || Release || Body HEX || Button HEX
|-
| Nintendo Switch Gray Joy-Con / Nintendo Switch グレー || 2017.03.03 || #828282 || #0F0F0F
|-
| Nintendo Switch Neon-Blue Left Joy-Con / Nintendo Switch ネオンブルー・ネオンレッド || 2017.03.03 || #0AB9E6 || #001E1E
|-
| Nintendo Switch Neon-Red Right Joy-Con / Nintendo Switch ネオンブルー・ネオンレッド || 2017.03.03 || #FF3C28 || #1E0A0A
|-
| Splatoon 2 Edition Neon-Green Left Joy-Con / スプラトゥーン2 || 2017.07.21 || #1EDC00 || #002800
|-
| Splatoon 2 Edition Neon-Pink Right Joy-Con / スプラトゥーン2 || 2017.07.21 || #FF3278 || #28001E
|-
| Super Mario Odyssey Edition Red Joy-Con / スーパーマリオオデッセイ || 2017.10.27 || #E10F00 || #280A0A
|-
| Super Smash Bros. Ultimate Edition Gray Joy-Con / 大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ || 2018.11.02 || #828282 || #0F0F0F
|-
| Pokémon: Let's Go! Edition Eevee-Brown Left Joy-Con / ポケットモンスター Let's Go! イーブイ || 2018.11.16 || #C88C32 || #281900
|-
| Pokémon: Let's Go! Edition Pikachu-Yellow Right Joy-Con / ポケットモンスター Let's Go! ピカチュウ || 2018.11.16 || #FFDC00 || #322800
|-
| *Nintendo Labo Creators Contest Edition "Cardboard"-Colored Joy-Con || 2018. (...?) || #D7AA73 || #1E1914
|-
| **Dragon Quest XI S Lotto Edition Royal-Blue Joy-Con / ドラゴンクエスト XI S （ロト版） || 2019.09.27 || #1473FA || #00000F
|-
| **Disney Tsum Tsum Festival Edition Neon-Purple Left Joy-Con / ディズニーツムツムフェスティバル || 2019.10.10 || #B400E6 || #140014
|-
| **Disney Tsum Tsum Festival Edition Neon-Pink Right Joy-Con / ディズニーツムツムフェスティバル || 2019.10.10 || #FF3278 || #28001E
|-
| Animal Crossing: New Horizons Edition Pastel-Green Left Joy-Con / あつまれどうぶつの森 || 2020.03.13 || #82FF96 || #0A1E0A
|-
| Animal Crossing: New Horizons Edition Pastel-Blue Right Joy-Con / あつまれどうぶつの森 || 2020.03.13 || #96F5F5 || #0A1E28
|-
| Fortnite Wildcat Edition Yellow Left Joy-Con / フォートナイトワイルドキャット(山猫) || 2020.10.30 || #FFCC00 || #1A1100
|-
| Fortnite Wildcat Edition Dark-Blue Right Joy-Con / フォートナイトワイルドキャット(山猫) || 2020.10.30 || #0084FF || #000F1E
|-
| Mario Red × Blue Edition Red Joy-Con / マリオレッド × ブルー || 2021.02.12 || #F04614 || #1E1914
|-
| Monster Hunter Rise Edition Gray Joy-Con / モンスターハンターライズ || 2021.03.26 || #818282 || #0E0F0F
|-
| Fortnite Fleet Force Edition Dark-Blue Left Joy-Con / フォートナイトフリートフォース(力の艦隊) || 2021.06.04 || #0084FF || #000F1E
|-
| Fortnite Fleet Force Edition Yellow Right Joy-Con / フォートナイトフリートフォース(力の艦隊) || 2021.06.04 || #FFCC00 || #1A1100
|-
| Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword Edition Dark-Blue Left Joy-Con / ゼルダの伝説スカイウォードソード || 2021.07.16 || #2D50F0 || #1E0F46
|-
| Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword Edition Dark-Purple Right Joy-Con / ゼルダの伝説スカイウォードソード || 2021.07.16 || #500FC8 || #00051E
|-
| Nintendo Switch OLED Edition White Joy-Con / Nintendo Switch （有機ELモデル）ホワイト || 2021.10.08 || #E6E6E6 || #323232
|-
| Splatoon 3 OLED Edition Blue-Gradient Left Joy-Con / （有機ELモデル）スプラトゥーン3 || 2022.08.26 || #6455F5 || #28282D
|-
| Splatoon 3 OLED Edition Neon-Yellow-Gradient Right Joy-Con / （有機ELモデル）スプラトゥーン3 || 2022.08.26 || #C3FA05 || #1E1E28
|-
| Pokémon: Scarlet × Violet OLED Edition Scarlet Left Joy-Con / （有機ELモデル）ポケットモンスタースカーレット・バイオレット || 2022.11.04 || #F07341 || #322D1E
|-
| Pokémon: Scarlet × Violet OLED Edition Violet Right Joy-Con / （有機ELモデル）ポケットモンスタースカーレット・バイオレット || 2022.11.04 || #9650AA || #32322D
|-
| // *(Prize Awarded for Labo Contest - No Retail) // **(Available Japan Only)
|}

= Additional Links =
[https://github.com/dekuNukem/Nintendo_Switch_Reverse_Engineering Reverse Engineering of the Joy-Con by Github user dekuNukem]

Nintendo Switch Brew - User contributions [en]

Joy-Con